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1. Eric is going to be very lonely living by himself in that remote area.

A. Eric will live by himself in that distant place and he will feel very lonely.

B. Eric enjoys being on his own, so living in that remote place won’t bother him much.

C. That area is very far from the city, so Eric will be alone most of the time.

D. Remote areas are often lonely to live in, but Eric enjoys the solitude.

2. You could hardly have decided on a less secure career than that of a novelist.

A. There are some careers that are not as secure as that of a novelist.

B. If it is security that you are after, you should try being a novelist.

C. In deciding to be a novelist, you have probably chosen the least secure career possible.

D. There are probably better ways of securing your future than becoming a novelist.

3. Only Mike has the expertise to carry out this project.

A. This project can only be carried out by someone with the same knowledge and skills that Mike has.

B. There is only one person with the skill required for this project, and that is Mike.

C. Mike should be the one to do the project because he knows so much.

D. Mike has to be consulted about this project because he knows more than anyone else.

4. If I had known you needed a hand painting your house, I would have helped you.

A. I didn’t help you to paint your house because I had no idea that you were doing it.

B. I am planning to help you to paint your house whenever you are ready.

C. Let me know when you are going to paint your house, and I will lend a hand.

D. You didn’t tell me you needed help painting your house; otherwise, I’d have assisted you.

5. Ellen would trust her mother, but not her sister, with anything.

A. Although Ellen finds her mother completely trustworthy, she does not feel the same about her sister.

B. Ellen felt she could trust neither her mother nor her sister with anything.

C. There was nothing that Ellen would not trust her mother, as well as her sister, with.

D. Neither Ellen nor her sister feel that they can trust their mother with everything.

6. Having prepared for the worst, they were pleasantly surprised to find themselves bypassed by the

hurricane.

A. Even if the hurricane had hit them, they wouldn’t have been affected much.

B. It was such a relief when the hurricane did not strike them, though they had prepared for the worst.

C. Had they not made such extensive preparations, they would have suffered even worse damage.

D. While they had made preparations for the hurricane, it was still a relief that they did not suffer much

damage.

7. In Nepal, literacy increased by approximately 40 percent from the early 1950s to the end of the

century.

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A. 40 percent of the people of Nepal became literate during the latter half of the 20

th

century.

B. At the end of the 20

th

century, about 40 percent of the Nepalese were literate, much higher than in the

early 1950s.

C. About 40 percent more of the Nepalese population became literate during the second half of the 20

th

century.

D. From the middle to the end of 20

th

century, only about 40 percent of Nepalese people could read and

write.

8. Though once quite fatal, the threat of pneumonia has been greatly reduced as a result of antibiotic

treatment.

A. A threatening disease which used to be fatal in the past, pneumonia has now been eliminated by

antibiotic treatment.

B. Pneumonia was a rather deadly disease in the past, but antibiotic treatment has lessened its dangers

very much.

C. Despite its dangers being significantly reduced thanks to antibiotics, pneumonia can still be rather

deadly.

D. In order to lessen its deadliness, the threatening disease pneumonia must be treated with antibiotics.

9. The eradication of snakes by humans has resulted in an abrupt rise in rodent populations in

certain areas.

A. The number of rodents living in a certain place is directly connected to how many snakes humans are

killing.

B. The rate of elimination by humans not only of snakes but also of rodents has gone up significantly in

some areas.

C. Had humans not eliminated the snakes in some areas, there would be much smaller populations of

rodents living there.

D. By skilling snakes, humans have caused the numbers of rodents in some places to increase drastically.

10. Few novels offer as sharp a commentary on the injustices faced by Blacks as Richard Wright’s

Native Son.

A. Unlike most novels, Native Son was based on wrongs Richard Wright himself, as a Black, had faced.

B. Native Son, by Richard Wright, is one of his many sharply critical novels about the injustices faced by

Blacks.

C. Richard Wright’s Native Son comments more cuttingly than most novels on the unfairness Blacks

confront.

D. Quite a few novels, such as Richard Wright’s Native Son, comment cuttingly on the unfairness

confronted by Blacks.

11. British mystery writer Phyllis James White never received a rejection slip from any publishers for

any of her novels.

A. Publishers never turned down the manuscripts of Phyllis James White, a British mystery writer.

B. The publishers were eagerly awaiting the manuscripts of Phyllis James White, a British mystery

writer.

C. Phyllis James White, a British mystery writer, refused to send her manuscripts to a publisher who had

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D. The British mystery writer Phyllis James White wrote so well that hardly any publishers turned her

manuscripts down.

12. While recycling has caught the public imagination, reducing waste has attracted much less

attention.

A. Using things again is the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish.

B. People are more interested in recovery and reuse than in creating less rubbish.

C. It is not generally known that reducing waste is more effective than recycling.

D. Recycling is not necessarily the best way of reducing waste, according to the public.

13. She seems pleased with her results, but I’m not so happy with mine.

A. I expected higher results than her, but unfortunately, I was disappointed.

B. Although she was more pleased with her results than I was with mine, hers weren’t actually any

better.

C. She is quite happy about her results, but I wouldn’t be if I were her.

D. I’m less pleased with my results than she is with hers, with which she appears to be happy.

14. Most of the public believes that cancer is caused by toxic substances.

A. Most of the population thinks that poisonous substances play a role in the increase in cancer cases.

B. It is generally believed that poisonous chemicals are the main factor in the development of cancer

C. The majority of the population is of the opinion that poisonous substances are the reason behind the

development of cancer.

D. The fact that toxic chemicals cause cancerous tumours in the human body is well-known among the

public.

15. The project required for graduation will take up most of our time in our final year.

A. We will have plenty of time in our final year because we only have to do our graduation project.

B. If we didn’t have to do a compulsory project, we would have plenty of time to do other things before

graduating.

C. We have to do a project in order to graduate, and it is keeping us very busy.

D. The project that we must do in order to graduate will leave us with little time in our final year.

16. Since the match on Sunday is so popular, it was wise of you to buy our tickets in advance.

A. There are not many matches as popular as this one, so it will be very crowded on Sunday, thus I’m

glad you’ve already bought our tickets.

B. Due to the popularity of the game, we bought our tickets for Sunday in advance, which was clever of

us.

C. You acted intelligently by buying our tickets for Sunday’s game before-hand, as there is such a great

demand for it.

D. It would be intelligent to buy our tickets before Sunday, as it is a very popular match and we may not

be able to find tickets then.

17. You ought to think harder about what you want to study before you make your choice, so that you

can make the most of your future.

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A. In order to have the best chance for your future, you shouldn’t decide until you’ve thought about what

you want to study more.

B. You should think about what you want to study, but don’t choose anything until you have also

thought about its relevance to your future.

C. So as not to regret your choice in the future, don’t make a hasty decision about what you want to

study.

D. If what you want to study does not provide a good future for you, then you should think harder about

the relevance of your choice.

18. In spite of the positive reviews in the newspapers, sales of the novel were disappointing.

A. If the novel hadn’t been so positively reviewed, the people buying it wouldn’t have been as

dissatisfied.

B. While the novel had been given good reviews, those who bought it were disappointed.

C. Fewer novels than anticipated were sold, although it had been well-praised in the newspaper.

D. Because the novel received such good reviews, it sold out quickly and many people were unable to

buy it.

19. They have to postpone the search until the weather improves.

A. As the weather was bad, they couldn’t go on with the search, and had to wait until it improved.

B. They can’t continue with the search before the weather gets better.

C. They don’t think it’s a good idea to continue with the search before there’s an improvement in the

weather.

D. They are planning to go on with the search if the weather becomes good enough.

20. Her paintings are quite lovely, but still, she hasn’t sold a lot of them.

A. Since her paintings are so beautiful, she ought to manage to sell a lot of them.

B. She would surely sell more of her paintings if only they were a bit more lovely.

C. Although her paintings are rather lovely, she has decided to sell only a few of them.

D. Not a lot other paintings have been bought, despite the fact that they are rather beautiful.

21. I don’t mind letting him borrow my CDs, providing that he promises to be careful with them.

A. He’s assured me that he’ll be careful with my CDs, so I don’t mind if he borrows them.

B. So long as he gives me his word to treat them carefully, I have no problem with lending him my CDs.

C. I’ve always known him to be a careful person, so I don’t worry when he borrows my CDs.

D. As I know how careful he’ll be with them, I’ll let him borrow my CDs whenever he likes.

22. Most of the river ferries have been cancelled today due to the lack of visibility caused by the frog.

A. Because of the frog, it will be difficult for most of the ferries to cross the river safely today.

B. Whenever visibility is poor owing to fog, nearly all of the river ferries are cancelled during the day.

C. A few of the ferries need to be rescheduled because of the fog that is causing poor visibility on the

river.

D. Since today’s fog is obstructing visibility, the majority of the river ferries will not be running.

23. Few things are more unpleasant than a windy winter day on a farm in the open plains.

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B. A great number of things are worse than being on a farm in the open plains on a windy winter day.

C. It is difficult to put up with windy winter days, particularly if you are on a farm in the open plains.

D. Farms in the open plains are more disagreeable on windy winter days than at any other time.

24. It is not uncommon for a child who is ridiculed to grow up into a shy adult.

A. On occasion, a child mocked by others will turn out to be an adult who is shy.

B. Children who are ridiculous tend to grow up into adults who are uncommonly shy.

C. Should children be constantly mocked, they are bound to grow up to be shy adults.

D. Shyness in adulthood is often the result of a person’s having been smoked as a child.

25. Someone ought to have accompanied Jennifer to her house from the party.

A. When Jennifer left the she said she didn’t want anyone to accompany her.

B. Jennifer shouldn’t have been allowed to leave the party and go home on her own.

C. Someone offered to accompany Jennifer home from the party, but she refused.

D. It would definitely be wrong to let Jennifer go home from the party on her own.

26. Though I don’t like the poems my sister writers, I can’t deny that she puts a lot of effort into them.

A. It’s not that my sister can’t write good poems, but that her poems don’t appeal to my taste.

B. I don’t know why my sister spends so much time trying to write those poems, as they’re no good

anyway.

C. I don’t think much of my sister’s poems, but I have to admit that she works hard on them.

D. It’s obvious that my sister puts a lot of effort into these poems, but I think she is only washing her

time.

27. The deciding match of the series will take place tomorrow afternoon, weather permitting.

A. The match that will determine the series’ winner will be played tomorrow afternoon if the weather is

not too bad.

B. Even if the weather is bad, tomorrow’s match, which will decide the winner of the series, will be

played.

C. The weather will probably not permit the match to be played tomorrow afternoon.

D. It would be unfortunate if the weather did not permit tomorrow’s match to be played, as it will

determine the winter.

28. Karl claims that he used to speak not only English but also Welsh well when he lived in Wales.

A. While living in Wales, Karl had to learn not only English but also Welsh.

B. Karl says that he took the advantage of learning two languages, English and Welsh, while in Wales.

C. According to Karl himself, he was quite fluent in both English and Welsh during the time he lived in

Wales.

D. Speaking not only English, but Welsh as well, Karl claims that he was able to mingle with the Welsh

easily.

29. My uncle Brian, who is retired now, was a nurse for over forty years.

A. Working as a nurse for in excess of forty years, my uncle Brian has recently retired.

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B. Although he has since retired, my uncle Brian worked as a nurse for more than forty years.

C. My uncle Brian, who used to be a nurse, worked non-stop for forty years until he retired recently.

D. Forty years of working as a nurse has now forced my uncle Brian to retire.

30. Scarcely had we opened the door than we realized we shouldn’t have left the dog home alone.

A. We used to leave the dog by herself in the house only rarely, and even then, would regret it upon our

return home.

B. Every time we have to go out, we wonder whether leaving the dog in the house by herself would be a

good idea.

C. The moment we opened the door, it became obvious that the dog had not really been alone in the

house.

D. We knew leaving the dog at the house by herself had been a bad idea as soon as we opened the door.

31. I’d never seen anybody so shocked as Claire was when she heard Ben propose marriage to her.

A. Should Ben have asked Claire to marry him, I guess she would’ve been extremely shocked.

B. I’d thought Claire would’ve been more shocked when Ben asked if she would marry him.

C. I’d never imagined I could see anybody so shocked as Claire was when Ben asked her to marry him.

D. When Claire heard Ben asking her to marry him, she was more shocked than I’ve ever seen anyone

be.

32. I wouldn’t mind having a late meeting tomorrow since I’m quite used to going home late.

A. I’m trying to get more accustomed to going home late, so I think I’ll start the meeting late tomorrow.

B. As it’s rather normal for me to go home late, conducting a meeting late tomorrow would be no

problem for me.

C. It’s rare that I go home late, but it’ll be no problem if tomorrow’s meeting is a bit later than usual.

D. Why don’t we start the meeting late tomorrow, even though I know none of us is used to leaving so

late?

33. She is intent on going to university whether she can get her parents’ approval or not.

A. She’s attending university, even though her parents do not approve of her doing so.

B. Whether or not her parents will agree to her going to university depends on what she intends to study.

C. If she can get her parents’ approval, her intention is to go to university.

D. Even if her parents don’t agree, she’ll still go to university.

34. You can only have my notes on condition that you bring them back tomorrow.

A. I can let borrow my notes until tomorrow, if you like.

B. You must return my notes by tomorrow; otherwise, I won’t lend them to you.

C. You can take my notes, but not until tomorrow.

D. Providing that you bring them back in good condition, you can borrow my notes until tomorrow.

35. Our team hasn’t won’t a trophy for five years.

A. Every five years our team wins a trophy.

B. Five years ago, our team failed to win a trophy.

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D. Five years is a long time to wait for our team to win a trophy.

36. He can’t have read much about the subject before giving his speech because he was completely

uninformed.

A. Since he knew nothing about the subject, he clearly hadn’t researched it well before speaking.

B. In the end, he didn’t have to give his speech anyway, so he needn’t have read so much about the

topic.

C. Not having read much about the subject before his speech, he wasn’t surprised at being considered

uninformed.

D. He had to read a lot about the topic before speaking because he knew nothing at all about it.

37. The staff couldn’t have worked any harder, but they could not even finish half of the order all

week.

A. Had the staff worked a little harder, they might have finished all the order by the end of the week.

B. Throughout the week, the staff could only complete half of the order, which shows they didn’t work

as hard as they should have.

C. The staff, who only completed half of the order all week,, couldn’t have worked as hard as they

claimed they did.

D. Throughout the week, less than half of the order was able to be produced, although the staff worked

as hard as they could.

38. If you added a little pepper to it, I’m sure the rice would taste better.

A. Putting a bit of pepper on the rice would almost certainly give it a better flavour.

B. Had you only put a little pepper on the rice, it would certainly not taste so bad.

C. If you wish, you could add some pepper to the rice in order to make it taste better.

D. I’m certain that all this rice needs to make it taste great is a little bit of pepper added.

39. Everyone in my family keeps on telling me to eat my food more slowly.

A. To get me to eat my food more slowly, my whole family has to tell me firmly to do so.

B. Everyone in my family takes turns telling me to eat my food more slowly.

C. My whole family is constantly saying that I should eat my food less quickly.

D. All of my family members eat slowly, and they’re always telling me that I ought to do so as well.

40. Had I known how crowded it’d be, I’d never have move to Madrid.

A. I moved to Madrid only because I was unaware of how many people were there.

B. Since it was so crowded in Madrid, I decided that I would never more there.

C. In the end, Madrid turned out to be far more crowded than I’d thought before moving there.

D. I would have had a better time living in Madrid if only there hadn’t been so many before.

41. This is the second time I’ve warned you, and I don’t intend to do so again!

A. If you don’t heed this warning, you could be in big trouble.

B. Two warnings are all I’m going to give you, and this is the second one.

C. I hope you don’t expect another warning after this one.

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D. You’ve already had two warnings, and the next one will be your last.

42. She was so nervous on the night before her exam that she could hardly sleep.

A. Being so excited, she did not want to sleep the night before the exam.

B. Had it not been for the upcoming exam, she would have slept better.

C. If she had slept better the night before her exam, she would have been less nervous.

D. She was too nervous to sleep well the night before her exam.

43. I’d never seen them so happy before.

A. It was the first time I had seen them in such high spirits.

B. They have never been so happy, have they?

C. They look much more cheerful than usual.

D. When I saw them, they looked exceedingly happy.

44. I could never have reached my goal had it not been for your advice.

A. I wish you had been able to give me better advice about what I wanted to do.

B. Without your advice, it would have been impossible for me to succeed.

C. If only you had advised me in time, I might have been able to attain my goal.

D. Your advice made it impossible for me to achieve my dreams.

45. Something is wrong with my car, and it seems to me to be the battery.

A. If the battery wasn’t dead, my car would be working.

B. If my car doesn’t work, it is probably because of the battery.

C. I suspect that the trouble with my car is the battery.

D. When my car doesn’t work, it is usually because of the battery.

46. U2’s new album is the best they’ve made for quite some time.

A. U2 haven’t made a new album for a long time.

B. It has been a long time since U2 made an album as good as this new one.

C. U2 used to make better albums than they do now,

D. U2’s new album is so good that they will not be able to equal it for quite a while.

47. Tom wanted to go scuba diving on his holiday, but he couldn’t because he had a bad cold.

A. Tom might have gone scuba diving if he hadn’t caught a cold.

B. Tom was unable to go scuba diving during his holiday because the water was too cold.

C. Tom’s cold was a good excuse for him to get out of going scuba diving on his holiday.

D. Tom’s cold kept him form going scuba diving, as he had hoped to, on his holiday.

48. Up to a hundred thousand people were crowded into the stadium for the clothing ceremony of the

games.

A. A packed crowd of at most a hundred thousand was present in the stadium for the concluding ritual of

the games.

B. There must have been at least a hundred thousand people who came to the stadium to see the games.

C. The stadium had room for no more than the hundred thousand people who wanted to watch the

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D. Hundreds of thousands of people observed the final events of the games.

49. Had you let me know in time, I would have been able to meet you.

A. If you told me in time, I could meet you.

B. You should have let me know in time; then I could have got together with you.

C. You were too late to let me know that you wanted to meet me.

D. You never let me know in time to meet you, as was the case the last time.

50. If you go to Tokyo next month, I might go with you.

A. Since we are both going to Tokyo next month, let’s go together.

B. I wish you’d told me you were going to Tokyo so I could have accompanied you.

C. Should you to go to Tokyo next month, perhaps I’ll accompany you.

D. Why don’t you go to Tokyo next month so I can go too?

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1. It was the wooden acting in the firm that made me leave the cinema before the end.

A. I couldn’t bear to stay in the cinema till the end of the film because the acting was so dull.

B. There were so many wooden scenes in the firm that I could hardly face staying in the end.

C. I would have left the cinema right away if I had realized how bad the acting was going to be.

D. The acting in the firm was so dull that I wish I hadn’t wasted my time watching it till the end.

2. It was nice of her to get me a gift, even though she didn’t have to.

A. Had she known what a nice thing to do it would be, she would have got me a present.

B. It wasn’t necessary for her to give me a present, yet is was good of her to do so.

C. She was going to give me a gift, but it was actually better for me that she didn’t.

D. She probably didn’t know how nice it would have been for her to have actually got me a present.

3. I won’t let him borrow anything ever again if he forgets to bring me back my jacket today.

A. Probably it’ll be a good idea if I don’t lend him my jacket anymore, since he’s always forgetting to

bring it back.

B. Since he’s forgotten again to give back the jacket he borrowed, I’m not going to be lending him

anything anymore.

C. I’m very upset that he has once again forgotten to bring back the jacket I let him borrow.

D. Should he not remember to give back my jacket today, I will never lend him anything from now on.

4. It’s possible that the plane has been delayed because of the bad weather.

A. It’s certainly the bad weather which has resulted in the plane’s being late.

B. It may be the bad weather that has caused the plane to be delayed.

C. The weather must have been very bad, or else their plane wouldn’t have been delayed.

D. The obvious reason for the plane’s being delayed for so long is the bad weather.

5. I took an extra pair of boots for the trek in case the others wore out.

A. Knowing that trekking can easily wear out a pair of boots, I have decided to take a spare pair, just in

case.

B. My boots wore out on the trek, so I was glad that I’d taken an extra pair.

C. As my other boots were wearing out, I took a second pair with me on the trek.

D. For fear that my boots might wear out on the trek, I went equipped with a spare pair.

6. Not until after I’d given my report, did I realize I hadn’t mentioned all of the points I’d wanted to.

A. In my report, I’d intended to bring up more points than I actually did, though I only noticed this after

I’d finished.

B. I had carefully planned all the points I would be mentioning in my report, but in the end I forgot some

of them.

C. My report turned out not very well as I was unable to bring up all of the points I had been planning to.

D. Once the report had finished, it was pointed out to me that I hadn’t brought up all the topics that I

should have.

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A. There is, it seems, total dissatisfaction among the students concerning their new teacher.

B. Displeasure with their new teacher seems to be something about which all of the students can agree.

C. It appears that there are some things about their new teacher with which the students are not happy.

D. Apparently, the new teacher has managed to disappoint quite a few of the students.

8. This operatic performance requires all attendees to dress formally.

A. No one wearing casual clothing may attend this opera.

B. Informal clothing is considered inappropriate at operatic performances.

C. Attendees are often asked to dress smartly when attending the opera.

D. No one ever wears anything but their most formal clothes to come to such an operatic performance.

9. Had you spoken more carefully, you probably would not have been so insulting.

A. You insulted nearly everyone, but that would not have happened if you had not been so careless about

your words.

B. You probably ought to choose your words with great care so as to avoid being offensive.

C. Such offense would likely not have been taken if you had been more careful about what you said.

D. It would probably be found quite insulting were you not to speak with a great deal of care.

10. Her personal assistant should have reminded her about the conference.

A. She could never have remembered the conference if her personal assistant hadn’t reminded her.

B. She forgot about the conference even though her personal assistant has reminded her.

C. Her personal assistant is responsible for reminding her whenever there is a conference.

D. It was her personal assistant’s duty to remind her about the conference.

11. You’re required to hand in your homework on time in order not to get a zero.

A. Are you going to do your homework on time, or do you want to get a zero?

B. The rule is that you will get a zero unless your homework is received on time.

C. If you don’t want a zero, you had better get your homework done on time.

D. One way of making sure you do not get a zero is to hand in your homework on time.

12. Few other paintings in the world are as famous as the Mona Lisa.

A. There are more famous paintings in the world than the Mona Lisa, but not many.

B. The Mona Lisa is among a group of paintings that are very famous worldwide.

C. A few other paintings in the world are more famous than the Mona Lisa.

D. Only a small number of paintings throughout the world are equally well-known as the Mona Lisa.

13. I don’t like to waste my money on CDs, and neither does my best friend.

A. Both my best friend and I prefer not to spend our money needlessly on CDs.

B. I prefer buying CDs whenever I can, but my best friend thinks they’re a waste of money.

C. My best friend prefers to buy CDs, while I prefer to save my money.

D. We would buy CDs together more often if my best friend wanted to.

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14. It’s likely that I’ll have left the party before she shows up.

A. I would like to have left the party before she arrives.

B. She won’t be able to find me at the party when she finally arrives.

C. By the time she arrives at the party, I may well have already gone.

D. Once she has got to party, I will probably leave.

15. He never asks his friends to help him out unless he absolutely needs it.

A. His friends won’t give him any help if he doesn’t absolutely need it.

B. Only when it’s really necessary for him does he request assistance from his friends.

C. He doesn’t want his friends to help him even if he really needs help.

D. Whenever he needs help, he knows that he can count on his friends.

16. We had all expected that the movie would be less boring.

A. None of us had any idea about the movie we went to see, and it turned out to be terribly dull.

B. All of us were already expecting the move to be boring, but not as much as it factually was.

C. The movie was not quite as boring as we had all thought it would be.

D. Expecting that the movie would not be boring, all of us went to see it.

17. Hardly anyone can resist the taste of sushi once they have tried it.

A. So tasty is sushi that, once you have actually tasted it, it’s impossible not to want to taste it again.

B. Nobody who has tried sushi is able to withstand the temptation to taste it again.

C. Nearly everyone who has once experienced the taste of sushi would like to experience it again.

D. Very few people who have experienced sushi will find it tasty enough to want to experience it again.

18. Natural medicines used to attract people more a few years ago than they do today.

A. No longer are natural medicines as attractive to people as they were several years previously.

B. Never have natural medicines been as attractive to people in recent years as they are these days.

C. Natural medicines were not so attractive a few years ago, so people used them less frequently than

they do these days.

D. People today can find natural medicines that are more attractive than those available a few years ago.

20. He’s been studying for so many years that he should have realized sooner that his grammar was

incorrect.

A. He has been a student for so long that he could quickly tell when his grammar was incorrect.

B. A student of his experience ought to have noticed his incorrect grammar earlier.

C. The student would have known that his grammar was incorrect if he’d had more experience.

D. The grammar wouldn’t have been so problematic if the student had been aware of it sooner.

21. If you cannot learn a vocabulary word by heart, sometimes drawing a picture can help.

A. Without drawing it is impossible to remember vocabulary.

B. Drawing a picture will help you remember every vocabulary word you encounter.

C. Don’t try to remember vocabulary words you don’t understand; draw a picture instead.

D. The memorizing of a vocabulary word can at times be aided by the drawing of a picture. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 1

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22. The arrested president denied any involvement in the incident.

A. The police arrested the president whom they suspected of being involved in the incident.

B. The president under arrest for the incident claimed her innocence of the charge.

C. The president who was thought to have been involved in the incident was arrested.

D. The president who was arrested refused to produce the names of the others involved in the incident.

23. Having watched the film in dubbed sound, Carlo concluded that he’d missed some of the finer

aspects of the original.

A. Carlo felt that if he had watched the film in its original language, he would have caught its nuances

more.

B. Carlo decided to watch the dubbed version because he did not understand the language of the original

film.

C. After Carlo had seen the film in its original and dubbed versions, he realized that the latter missed out

a lot of things.

D. Carlo liked watching foreign films in dubbed sound because then he understood the ideas better.

24. It may be difficult to find a ticket this close to the festival.

A. When the festival is near, tickets are sometimes difficult to get hold of.

B. There is nobody selling tickets close to where the festival is.

C. The closer the festival gets, the more difficult it is to get a ticket.

D. With the festival so near, getting a ticket will possibly be problematic.

25. Philip wrote a letter to the local newspaper to express his anger towards the building project.

A. The local newspaper printed Philip’s angry letter about the building project.

B. The local newspaper was furious about the planned buildings and Philip expressed the same feelings.

C. Philip’s angry feelings towards the intended construction were shown in his letter to the local

newspaper.

D. The building project led to angry responses, of which Philip’s letter to the local newspaper was one.

26. There is hardly a family in the town which the war has left unaffected.

A. A few families were almost completely wiped out by the conflict in the town.

B. The war has affected almost all the families in the town.

C. After the war, there wasn’t a family which hadn’t been affected.

D. All the families in the town went though great hardships during the war.

27. I can’t say I’m happy about living in the city centre, but I prefer it to the time-consuming

commute to work every day.

A. Rather than wasting my time travelling to and from work, I have chosen to live in the city centre,

though I don’t really like it.

B. I know I won’t be happy living in the city centre, but I’ll prefer it to having to commute to work every

day.

C. The only advantage of living in the city centre is that you don’t have to waste a lot of time commuting

to work every day.

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D. Since travelling to and from work is taking so much time, I’m considering moving to the city centre,

but I might not be very happy there.

28. I think my hair looks fine, but my mother believes it needs a little more brushing.

A. My mother and I agree about just how much brushing my hair actually needs.

B. My mother says she doesn’t like it if I only brush my hair a little.

C. While my mother thinks my hair requires slightly more brushing, I am happy with the way it looks.

D. Although my mother thought my hair needed a little more brushing, we were generally satisfied with

the way it looked.

29. If you had left me alone, I would have finished this in no time.

A. Be sure not to disturb me so that I can finish this on time.

B. Why didn’t you leave me alone and let me finish this?

C. Were you to leave me alone, I would quickly complete this.

D. I couldn’t finish this quickly because of your bothering me.

30. I don’t see why I should have to decide on my future when I am so young.

A. It seems unreasonable to me for someone as young as me to have to choose a course for their life.

B. I am so young that I cannot decide at this point what I want to do with my life.

C. As young as I am, I wish I could see what the future has in store for me.

D. I would like to make some decisions about my future, but I think I am too young.

31. Pedro had been looking forward to living on his own, but he missed his family so much that he

soon moved back in with them.

A. Pedro wanted so much to move back in with his family that he decided to stop living on his own.

B. In spite of his initial enthusiasm for living by himself, Pedro suffered so much from homesickness

that he quickly moved back in with his family.

C. Pedro had not particularly wanted to live on his own, but when he found out how pleasant it was, he

decided not to go back to his family.

D. Pedro would never have tried living on his own had he realized how much he was going to miss his

family.

32. For me, this is such an interesting book that I have read it several times.

A. I have read this book quite a few times, since I find it so interesting.

B. It is an interesting book, and I think worth reading at least a couple of times.

C. The book is interesting no matter how many times you read it.

D. This book is interesting enough to be read more than once.

33. This must be the place, but we had better ask to make sure.

A. Let’s ask someone to see where the correct place might be.

B. It is important that we ask someone so as to make certain whether or not we are in the right place.

C. Though I am sure this is the correct location, we ought to inquire to be certain.

D. It is possible that this is the place we are looking for, though we might also ask someone and find out.

34. The band had to cancel quite a few of their concerts that had been announced before they began

their tour. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 1

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A. The number of concerts announced before the band’s tour started was different from that which they

actually performed.

B. Forced to make many cancellations, the band didn’t perform as many concerts as was announced

prior to their tour.

C. So many of their scheduled concerts were cancelled that the band ended up performing only a few by

the end of their tour.

D. The band had to cancel most of the concerts which were announced at the beginning of their tour.

35. I ended up being punctual for the meeting despite having missed the ferry.

A. I surely would have got to the meeting on time had I only been able to catch the ferry.

B. I would rather have taken the ferry, but nonetheless I managed to make it on time to the meeting.

C. It wasn’t actually my missing the ferry that resulted in my not arriving punctually at the meeting.

D. Though I didn’t manage to catch the ferry, I still arrived on time for the meeting.

36. I have scarcely ever eaten such a delicious cantaloupe.

A. Never before have I eaten a cantaloupe so delicious as this one.

B. Only rarely have cantaloupes as delicious as this one been encountered.

C. It is only very seldom that I have had a cantaloupe as delicious as this.

D. Barely had I eaten the cantaloupe than I realized how delicious it was.

37. Should you delete this comma, the sentence would have a very different meaning.

A. You would make the sentence mean something quite different if you were to get rid of this comma.

B. You could change the whole meaning of the sentence by putting this comma in a different place.

C. Do not delete this comma; otherwise, the sentence’s meaning would change slightly.

D. The meaning of the sentence can only be changed by means of the deletion of this comma.

38. By some it is supposed that bad luck may be avoided by knocking on wood.

A. Bad luck is said to be preventable by knocking on wood sometimes.

B. There are some people who believe that it is bad luck to avoid knocking on wood.

C. If bad luck in coming, it will be destroyed provided that one knocks on wood.

D. That knocking on wood can keep bad luck away is believed by some people.

39. Stefano has to retake his driving test even though he only failed because of a few minor points.

A. Stefano could have passed his driving test if he had practiced a little harder, since he failed only

because of a few small points.

B. Stefano wasn’t able to pass his driving test, but he only didn’t because of a small number of

unimportant points.

C. Although Stefano did come quite close to passing his driving test, he has to take it again.

D. Stefano has to practice more if he is to pass his driving test the second time, having just failed on his

first attempt.

40. Except that the rent is not high, the apartment has nothing to recommend it.

A. There are no positive points about the flat apart from the fact that it is cheap to rent.

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B. The most important thing to consider about a flat is how low the rent is.

C. The apartment was recommended to me because of its low rent.

D. Though the rent cannot be recommended, it probably is the cheapest apartment that can be found.

41. You shouldn’t consider going abroad until you have bought some travel insurance.

A. I always get hold of some travel insurance before I go abroad, and I’d recommend you to do the

same.

B. You ought to purchase some travel insurance before contemplating visiting a foreign country.

C. It is dangerous to travel outside of your own country without taking travel insurance.

D. You purchase travel insurance before visiting other countries, don’t you?

42. We were all interested to know what happened, apart from Emma, who didn’t seem to be

bothered in the least.

A. What happened seemed to interest everyone, particularly Emma, who seemed to be even bothered by

it.

B. Almost everyone was surprised at what happened to Emma, but I wasn’t bothered by it at all.

C. All of us were only slightly interested in what happened, but Emma seemed the most disinterested of

us all.

D. What happened didn’t appear to bother Emma at all, but otherwise, it interested us all.

43. Don’t keep worrying about it; there is nothing you can do, anyway.

A. You should do something to stop yourself worrying about it.

B. It is no wonder you feel worried, because you’re not doing anything about it.

C. You shouldn’t let it trouble you because the situation is helpless.

D. Since you can’t do much anyway, it is not worth worrying about it.

44. Despite the recent lack of rain, the farms are still doing quite well.

A. However little it may rain in general, the farms always manage to perform at a fairly high level.

B. The outlook for farm production is positive in spite of how little rain there has been lately.

C. Due to the absence of any rain lately, there is beginning to be a bit of trouble on the farms.

D. The farms are not having too much trouble, even though there has not been any rain lately.

45. The ancient Mayan script puzzled archaeologists for years, but it was finally deciphered.

A. After years of being mystified by it, archaeologists eventually were able to decode the written

language of the Maya.

B. The script of the ancient Mayan civilization cannot be read without difficulty.

C. The Mayan language would not have taken so long to interpret had it not been so difficult.

D. It was so difficult to decode the written language of the Mayan civilization that archaeologists

eventually gave up.

46. As I live so close to the border of Syria, I would consider studying Arabic, but heard that it is a

very difficult language to learn.

A. As I live close to the border of Syria I should learn Arabic, but I probably won’t because I find the

language extremely difficult. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 1

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B. If I hadn’t heard that Arabic is an extremely hard language to learn Arabic, but I probably won’t

because I find the language extremely difficult.

C. If I didn’t find learning languages so hard, I would probably learn Arabic, especially as I live so close

to Syria,

D. Living so close to Syria, I have the opportunity to learn Arabic, but I think it is going to be difficult,

or so I have heard.

47. He lost quite a few jobs because he was such an unpunctual worker.

A. He was late to many of his jobs and, accordingly, nearly lost all of them.

B. Having never actually showed up on time to any of them, he was fired from most of his jobs.

C. Had he not been so late so often, he may well have kept one or two of his jobs.

D. As a result of his persistent lateness, he was fired from several different jobs.

48. The cheap book is the better designed than the expensive one.

A. Though the first book is only slightly more expensive than the other, the latter has a better design.

B. Both of the books have a good design, yet the less expensive one’s is a bit better.

C. The book which costs more does not have as good a design as that which costs less.

D. While both books are well designed, the design of one is better than that of the other.

49. I’m not sure that the Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot appeals to me, even if my

brother can babysit.

A. Had my brother been able to babysit, I might have gone to see the Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s

version of The Idiot.

B. If my brother agrees to babysit, we can go to the Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot,

which I think you might enjoy.

C. I probably wouldn’t have enjoyed Aziz Nesin Theatre Group’s version of The Idiot, but my brother

couldn’t babysit for us anyway.

D. My brother might be able to babysit, but even so, I’m not convinced that the Aziz Nesin Theatre

Group’s version of The Idiot is something I would enjoy.

50. At this exact moment, I am wishing I had checked my answers more carefully.

A. Right now, I am regretting the fact that I didn’t check my answer carefully enough.

B. Had I checked my answers more carefully, I wouldn’t have failed the test.

C. Ever since I failed the test, I have been regretting not checking my answers carefully.

D. How I wish I had checked my answers after I had finished the test.

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1. I see no reason to change my clothes so long as they are not excessively dirty.

A. If my clothes were a bit dirty, then probably I would think about changing them.

B. Provided my clothes are not too dirty, I do not think it necessary to change them.

C. I will have to change my clothes if they get any less clean than they currently are.

D. It is illogical to change my clothes when they are not actually dirty.

2. A psychiatrist can only help him if he tries to help himself.

A. A good psychiatrist will be able to show him how to help himself.

B. As long as he is able to help himself, there is no need for him to see a psychiatrist.

C. Unless he makes some effort towards helping himself, a psychiatrist will be of no use to him.

D. Since he is unable to help himself, he had better see a psychiatrist.

3. He said he would be here at 6 o’clock, but he hasn’t showed up yet.

A. In spite of promising to come here at 6 o’clock, he has not yet arrived.

B. It is 6 o’clock, so he should show up any minute.

C. If he comes at the time he said he will be here by 6.

D. Since he arranged to be here by 6 o’clock, he undoubtedly will be.

4. Rather than buying him a sweater, why don’t we make one ourselves?

A. I would rather buy a sweater for him than make one ourselves.

B. Let’s make him a sweater ourselves instead of buying him one.

C. Would you rather buy him a sweater or make one yourself?

D. Do you think we can manage to make him a sweater, or should we buy him one?

5. You will never have another opportunity like this.

A. You’ll find that opportunities like these are few and far between.

B. There has never been an opportunity like this.

C. You should have taken the chance when you had it.

D. This is the best chance you will ever get.

6. As long as you complete all your assignments, you should get a good mark.

A. Finishing your homework is not all you need to do in order to get a good mark.

B. Completing your assignments is the first step towards getting a good grade.

C. People who do all their assignments are almost certain of getting a good grade.

D. If you want a good mark, you had better not fail any of your assignments.

7. Most of Cesare Pavese’s Italian works are available in French, while in English this is not the case.

A. Only a minority of Cesare Pavese’s works written in Italian can be found in English, whereas a

majority of them can be found in French.

B. There was opposition to translating most of Cesare Pavese’s Italian works into English, but you can

find them translated into French. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 1

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C. The works of the Italian writer Cesare Pavese are much more popular among French people than

English people.

D. The availability of the majority of Cesare Pavese’s Italian works in English is the reverse of what it is

in French.

8. The US economy has been generating strong economic growth over the past few years, but the

wages of the average worker have actually fallen.

A. Most Americans now have a smaller salary than they had a few years ago; as a result, the US

economy will be unable to continue to grow.

B. The US economy has been able to maintain powerful economic growth over the least few years by

cutting the salaries of the majority of workers in the country.

C. The income of the average worker in America wouldn’t have fallen had the US economy been rapidly

expanding during the last few years.

D. A typical American worker now earns less than he or she used to, even though the economy of the

US has been getting much bigger for the last few years.

9. So as to not forget to take his pills at the correct times, Bill set the alarm on his watch to go off at

those times, 10 a.m. and 10 p.m.

A. Bill never actually forgot to take his medication at the right time, but he still put his watch alarm on

for 10 o’clock in the morning and at night, just in case.

B. Twice a day, at ten a.m and p.m, Bill had to take his pills, and in order to remember to do so, he

programmed his watch alarm for these times.

C. Bill prepared his watch alarm to sound at 10.00 and 22.00, because otherwise, he would certainly

have forgotten to take his medication.

D. Without the alarm on his watch sounding at 10 o’clock in the morning and at night, Bill wouldn’t

have remembered to take any of his pills.

10. Whenever Pedro returned to visit his family in Madrid, he brought with him a large number of

presents from Germany.

A. When Pedro, who lived in Germany, wanted to go to Madrid to visit his family there, he bought

presents for them.

B. Whenever Pedro came to Madrid from Germany, he would bring lots of presents for every member of

his family.

C. Pedro would arrive with a lot of presents for his family in Madrid every time he came back from

Germany to visit them.

D. Most of the presents which Pedro’s family in Madrid had received were given by Pedro during his

visits from Germany.

11. The last apartment that we saw is not too far away from your work place; what is more, it has an

elevator, which your mother will need.

A. Your mother has to use an elevator, which the last apartment we were shown had, but it was nowhere

near the place of your employment.

B. The last apartment which we looked at with your mother was close to your place of employment, and

it had an elevator, which is necessary for her.

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C. The apartment that we were shown last isn’t a long distance from the site of your job, however, it

needs more, such as an elevator for your mother.

D. The apartment which we looked at last is not only close to your place of work, but it is also good for

your mother because of the elevator.

12. The electricity was no longer cut off by the time Cindy returned home from work.

A. The electricity was once again on when Cindy came back home from her job.

B. Hardly had Cindy got into her house after coming home from work when the electricity came back

on.

C. The electricity came back on as soon as Cindy returned from her job to her house.

D. Cindy hoped, as she was on her way home from work, that the electricity was no longer cut off.

13. Would you mind if I went to the florist’s now?

A. I would rather you went to the florist’s now.

B. Why won’t you allow me to go to the florist’s now?

C. Would you mind getting off to the florist’s now?

D. I’ll go to the florist’s now, if it is all right with you.

14. Ever since he moved there at nineteen, Daniel Tsui has lived in the US.

A. Daniel Tsui went to live in US at the age of nineteen, and he is still there.

B. Daniel Tsui has stayed in the US ever since he went there nineteen years ago.

C. Daniel Tsui was about nineteen years old when he first went to the US.

D. Daniel Tsui settled in the US when he was nineteen years old.

15. No sooner had gold been discovered in California than thousands of people set out for the west

coast of North America.

A. Thousands of people had already begun their journey to the west coast of North America by the time

gold was found in California.

B. Thousands of people were heading for California on the west coast of North America when the news

of discovery of gold there reached them.

C. The west coast of North America became the destination of thousands of people the moment that gold

was found in California.

D. It was not soon after the time that gold had been uncovered in California that thousands of people

departed for North America’s west coast.

16. On account of Stella’s excellent work at the main branch of the bank, she is going to take over the

branch in Leeds.

A. At the main branch of the bank, Stella has done a fantastic job; moreover, she will continue to do so

as manager of the Leeds branch.

B. In order that she will be transferred to head the bank’s branch in Leeds, Stella has been doing

amazing work at the main branch.

C. Stella is going to be moved to the bank’s branch in Leeds, even though her duties at the main branch

have been performed extremely well.

D. Stella is going to become manager of the bank’s Leeds branch because she has worked so well at the

main branch.

17. Under no circumstances can you use the telephone that is on the manager’s desk. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 2

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A. There are no circumstances in which you’ll need to use the telephone which is on the manager’s desk.

B. You are completely forbidden from ever using the telephone that is on the manager’s desk.

C. You are under no obligation to use the telephone which the manager keeps on his desk.

D. You are able to use the manager’s telephone, which is on his desk, in certain circumstances.

18. Having been interviewed about the situation in Poland for the TV news, Professor Garcia returned

to her office and got some notes ready for her speech.

A. Before Professor Garcia went back to her office to prepare for her speech, she had answered some

questions on the situation in Poland on the TV news.

B. Because she had to explain the situation in Poland on the news on TV, Professor Garcia went back to

her office to get her notes sorted out.

C. Professor Garcia had some notes that she was to use for her speech, and she used them in the

interview she had with the TV news over the crisis in Poland as well.

D. Professor Garcia went back to her office to compose the speech that she was to give on the crisis in

Poland for the TV news.

19. Upon getting out of the sea, Brandon noticed that a strangle creature was stuck to his leg.

A. Just as he was stepping out of the sea, a strange creature attached itself to Brandon’s leg.

B. An odd creature, which Brandon did not notice immediately, placed itself on his leg soon after he

came out of the sea.

C. An odd creature had attached itself to Brandon’s leg in the sea, but he didn’t become aware of this

until after he came out of the water.

D. Once Brandon had come out of the sea, an unusual creature, which he spotted immediately, became

attached to his leg.

20. Afraid of being condemned as Galileo Galilei had been, Rene Descartes chose not to publish The

World, which was his work on cosmology and physics.

A. Rene Descartes became worried that Galileo Galilei would condemn his book The World, which he

had written on cosmology and physics, so he decided not to have it published.

B. Rene Descartes had written on cosmology and physics in The World, but he decided not to have it

printed because he didn’t want to receive the same condemnation as Galileo Galilei.

C. Because Galileo Galilei’s work on cosmology and physics had been banned, Rene Descartes

published his book The World reluctantly.

D. Rene Descartes was worried about his condemnation of Galileo Galilei in his book The World, which

was on cosmology and physics, so he decided not to publish it.

21. Neither Nation Park nor Independence Park is a suitable place to hold the concert, but there are

no other possible venues for it.

A. Neither Nation Park nor Independence Park is among the possible venues at which the concert can be

put on.

B. Except for Nation Park and Independence Park, there are no suitable places in which the concert can

be put on.

C. The concert cannot be held in either Nation Park or Independence Park, because they are not suitable,

so we’ll have to choose another venue.

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D. The only places where the concert can be held are Nation Park or Independence Park, although both

of them are unfit for it.

22. Thanks to the intervention of Mr. Collins, Matthew wasn’t expelled from school for breaking a

window.

A. Despite having smashed a window, Matthew was allowed to remain at the school because of the

support of Mr. Collins.

B. Matthew wouldn’t have had to leave the school for breaking a window had Mr. Collins not interfered.

C. Matthew thanked Mr. Collins for helping him not to be thrown out of school for shattering a window.

D. Mr. Collins stopped Matthew from smashing a window, and thus prevented him from being forced to

leave the school.

23. I certainly won’t be lending Bruce any books again any time soon.

A. I may be lending some books to Bruce this time, but I probably won’t do so anymore.

B. It’s certain that I won’t let Bruce borrow any books for such a long time again.

C. Bruce definitely won’t be returning any books that he borrowed from me soon.

D. It’ll definitely be a long time before I allow Bruce to borrow any more books.

24. Never before has Josephine, who is a student of Egyptology, been in a museum like this one.

A. Before she became a student of Egyptology, Josephine didn’t use to visit museums like this.

B. This is the first time that Josephine, who studies Egyptology, has been in a museum of this type.

C. Josephine is a student of Egyptology, so she likes this museum, which she hasn’t visited before.

D. Even though Josephine is an Egyptology student, she has never been to a museum that is similar to

this one.

25. New research confirms that regular use of low-dose aspirin can benefit women as well as men.

A. Research is being carried out to see if low-dose aspirin works in the same way for both genders when

taken regularly.

B. Both men and women can benefit from taking a small amount of aspirin, but they have to take it

regularly.

C. Taking a small amount of aspirin regularly is good for both genders, which had been supported by a

recent study.

D. A new study suggests that both men and women should take a small amount of aspirin regularly.

26. I don’t want to eat Thai food at the moment, but I have tried it once before, and I do like it.

A. Although I’ve eaten it once, and I think it is nice, at present I have no desire to eat Thai food.

B. I think Thai food tastes nice, but I haven’t eaten any since the first time I ate it.

C. I like Thai food, but I haven’t eaten it for a long time, and I have no appetite for it now.

D. Although I do think that Thai food is nice, I don’t think I’ll be able to eat any now.

27. Should the latest film starring Bard Pitt be on this weekend at our local cinema, I’ll go and watch

it with you.

A. I’ll go and see the latest film at the cinema with you this weekend, whether or not it has Brad Pitt in

it.

B. The newest film starring Brad Pitt should be on at our local cinema this weekend, so I’ll go with you

to watch it. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 2

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C. I’ll go along with you to our nearby cinema this weekend, if they are showing the latest Brad Pitt

film.

D. Brad Pitt should be in the latest film to come to the cinema near us this weekend, so I’ll accompany

you to it.

28. The rain was too heavy for the umbrella we opened to have much effect.

A. As soon as we opened our umbrella, we realized that the rain was too heavy for it.

B. We needn’t have opened our umbrella, since it was raining too heavily for it anyway.

C. In heavy rains, the umbrella we used to own didn’t actually protect us at all.

D. We opened the umbrella, but the rain wasn’t light enough for it to protect us much.

29. Salting meat so as to conserve it is a very old but still efficient practice.

A. Though salting meat is an ancient method of preservation, it remains quite effective.

B. One of the earliest methods of preservation, salting, is especially effective with meat.

C. The ways by which meat is salted for preservation have not changed since ancient times.

D. Salting has been used for a very long time not only to preserve meat, but other foods as well.

30. When mobile phones first came out, they were not only bulky, but also expensive.

A. Few people could afford the original mobile phones because they were so expensive.

B. At the time they were introduced, mobile phones were big and cost a lot of money.

C. The first mobile phones were inefficient as well as being difficult to use.

D. Nowadays, almost everyone has a mobile phone because they are so small and cheap.

31. Hardly a country in Europe managed to escape the effects of the Napoleonic Wars of 1799 – 1815.

A. Lasting form 1799 to 1815, the Napoleonic Wars affected almost every European country.

B. Between 1799 and 1815, it was difficult for a European country not to be affected by the Napoleonic

Wars.

C. It was between 1799 and 1815 that the countries of Europe were most affected by the Napoleonic

Wars.

D. The Napoleonic Wars, which began in 1799 and ended in 1815, influenced every country in Europe.

32. I know Helen is studying biology, because I have just seen her in the laboratory.

A. Helen may be a biology student because I know I have seen her studying in the laboratory.

B. I’m sure I saw Helen in the laboratory when she was studying biology.

C. Because I saw her in the laboratory a little while ago, I know that Helen is a biology student.

D. As I see Helen in the laboratory every day, I’m sure that the studies biology.

33. Ophelia was working in Oman at the start of the millennium, but for the past four years she’s

been in Hong Kong.

A. For ten years now, Ophelia has been in Hong Kong, but at the beginning of 2000, she was working in

Oman.

B. Ophelia worked for ten years in Hong Kong and after that, in 2000, she went to Oman.

C. Ophelia stopped working in Oman several years ago, and then lived in Hong Kong for ten years.

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D. For ten years after the start of the millennium, Ophelia worked in Oman, but now she is in Hong

Kong.

34. Damien speaks Chinese, but at the moment he is reading a newspaper in Japanese.

A. Damien is speaking Chinese while he is reading a Japanese newspaper.

B. The newspaper Damien is reading now is Japanese, but he also reads Chinese ones.

C. Damien, who speaks Chinese, prefers to read his newspapers in Japanese.

D. Damien is reading a Japanese newspaper right now, but he also speaks Chinese.

35. Milan is unique in football history, as two different football clubs from the city have won the

Champions League.

A. The two football clubs from Milan have both done well in the Champions League.

B. With two of its football clubs winning the Champions League, Milan has no parallel in the history of

football.

C. The city of Milan has only two football clubs, but both of them have been successful in the

Champions League.

D. In its history, Milan has seen two of its football clubs playing in the Champions League.

36. Amin Maalouf has been living in France since he moved there at the start of the Lebanese Civil

War.

A. After the Lebanese Civil War, Amin Maalouf moved to France, and he is still living there.

B. When the Lebanese Civil War began, Amin Maalouf war already planning to move to and settle in

France.

C. When the Lebanese Civil War began, Amin Maalouf moved to France, and he has had his home there

up to now.

D. Amin Maalouf was moving to his home in France when the Lebanese Civil War broke out.

37. The only time that Robert buys magazines is when there are free DVDs with them.

A. The magazines that come with DVDs free of charge are the ones that Robert prefers to buy.

B. The only way that Robert gets DVDs is when they come free with magazines.

C. Only once did Robert buy a magazine that came with a free DVD.

D. Robert never buys magazines except when they come with a DVD for no extra cost.

38. Nothing you can do will make any difference to the boss’ view.

A. Anything you do will fail to alter the opinion of the boss.

B. If you do something different, the boss’ opinion of you might change.

C. Doing nothing won’t help you alter the way the boss thinks about you.

D. The boss’ view hasn’t changed because you are unable to do anything.

39. Achilles stayed by his ships while the rest of the Greeks fought with the Trojans.

A. As the Greeks and the Trojans had a battle, Achilles remained and rested by his ships.

B. When the other Greeks were fighting the Trojans, Achilles didn’t leave his ships.

C. The Greeks with Achilles fought the Trojans while they were close to their ships.

D. The Trojans attacked the other Greeks when Achilles remained with his ships.

40. It doesn’t appear to me as if Tom can learn Romanian without a teacher. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 2

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A. I get the impression that, in learning Romanian, Tom will need someone to teach him.

B. I think I’ll have to find a teacher for Tom so that he can learn Romanian a lot more easily.

C. I know Tom is studying Romanian hard, but he really needs a teacher.

D. It’ll be difficult for Tom to successfully master Romanian without the help of a teacher.

41. Most of the animals on the farm died when there was a flood.

A. The flood caused the majority of the farm animals to die shortly afterwards.

B. Few of the animals on the farm were affected by the flood.

C. Only a few of the animals on the farm survived the flood.

D. A small number of the animals on the farm were unable to survive the flood.

42. Sara must have been sleeping; otherwise, she would have heard the window break.

A. If she had been sleeping, Sara would have missed the sound of the breaking window.

B. The window broke while Sara was about to fall asleep, but she wasn’t aware of it.

C. Sara was sleeping so deeply that she wouldn’t even have heard a window breaking.

D. I’m pretty sure that Sara was asleep at the time, because she didn’t hear the window smash.

43. I’m working on my thesis these days, so I don’t have time to go out at the weekend.

A. I didn’t go out last weekend, as I have been doing my thesis for the last few days.

B. I have no time to go out during the weekend, as I’m doing my thesis at the moment.

C. I don’t go out at weekends, because I have to start working on my thesis.

D. Because I’m working on my thesis these days, I have no time to go out; except at weekends.

44. Though Gary’s never played tennis well, last night he was worse than ever.

A. Gary played absolutely terrible in last night’s tennis match, so now it’s clear that he’s a bad player.

B. While Gary’s certainly not a very good tennis player, last night he played less badly than before.

C. Gary’s performance last night was his worst one so far, but he’s never been a good tennis player.

D. The horrible performance that Gary gave in tennis last night established him as the worst player there.

45. Scientists have predicted that Asteriod 99942 Apophis will not collide with the Earth in 2029.

A. Scientists have decided that Asteriod 99942 Apophis won’t have a collision with Earth until 2029.

B. In 2029, Asteriod 99942 Apophis and Earth will not hit each other, according to the belief of

scientists.

C. The view of scientists is that the collision between Earth and Asteriod 99942 Apophis will happen

sometime after 2029.

D. Asteriod 99942 Apophis isn’t likely to crash into our planet before 2029, say scientists.

46. When Oscar was working on the computer, he felt a sudden pain in his head.

A. Even when he suffered from headaches, Oscar went on working on the computer.

B. Oscar’s work on the computer suddenly caused his head to start to hurt.

C. Oscar was working on the computer, and just then his head unexpectedly started to hurt.

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D. As Oscar continued to work on the computer, the pain in his head got more intense.

47. The Mayan civilization had declined before the Spanish conquered Central America.

A. The Spanish conquest of Central America caused the fall of the Mayan civilization.

B. The Spanish took over Central America because of the weakness of the Mayan civilization.

C. The Mayan civilization became rather weak when the Spanish fought to take control of Central

America.

D. The Mayan civilization became weak, and later on, the Spanish took control in Central America.

48. Barely had Cora sat down at her computer in her office when she was called away to deal with an

unhappy customer.

A. Because Cora was instructed to sort out the complaint of an annoyed customer, she had no time to sit

down at her computer.

B. Someone called Cora out of her office to try and sort out the problem of a dissatisfied customer just

after she had sat down in front of her computer.

C. An unhappy customer called Cora out of her office to deal with his complaint, just as she was getting

into her seat in front of her computer.

D. Cora was ordered to help resolve the problem of an upset customer before she was able to go into her

office and sit down at the computer.

49. The emirate of Dubai is constructing the tallest building in the world, and will have finished it by

2010.

A. By the end of 2010, the emirate of Dubai will have put up the tallest building in the world.

B. Before or in 2010, Dubai will house the tallest building in the world as the emirate is starting to

construct it soon.

C. The tallest building in the world, which the emirate is building now, will be in Dubai before or in

2010.

D. The emirate of Dubai will start constructing the world’s tallest building in the year 2010.

50. Before George Orwell started to write, he had worked for the colonial British police in Burma.

A. George Orwell started writing when he was a colonial British police officer in Burma.

B. George Orwell was first a British police officer in colonial Burma, and then he began to write.

C. George Orwell had already begun writing before he worked as a British police officer in colonial

Burma.

D. While he was serving as a British police officer in colonial Burma, George Orwell began to write. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 2

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1. Fiona has smoked for 25 years, but now she is trying to give up.

A. Fiona will stop smoking when she has completed the 25th year.

B. For a quarter of a century now, Fiona has been trying to give up smoking.

C. By the time she tries to stop, Fiona will have been smoking for a quarter of a century.

D. Fiona is making an effort to stop smoking, which she started 25 years ago.

2. Sarah has just cut her hand, so I’m dashing to the chemist’s to buy a bandage.

A. I’m on my way to the chemist’s to buy a bandage quickly, because Sarah cut her hand just now.

B. I’ve been to the chemist’s to buy this bandage for Sarah’s cut finger.

C. Sarah’s hand is bleeding terribly, so I’ll quickly go to the chemist’s to buy a bandage.

D. We need a bandage for Sarah’s cut finger, so someone has to dash to the chemist’s.

3. By the time the ferry leaves, we will have been waiting here for six hours.

A. We will wait here for six hours, and then the ferry will depart.

B. The ferry will not leave for another six hours, so we will be waiting here until then.

C. After we have got on the ferry, the journey itself will take six hours.

D. We will have spent six hours waiting here when the ferry leaves.

4. We will go out for a walk to the beach just after the match.

A. Let’s wait till the end of the match, and then we can take a walk to the beach.

B. As soon as the match has finished, we will take a walk to the seashore.

C. The match will finish while we are taking a walk to the beach.

D. We can’t go for a walk to the seashore before the match is over.

5. We can take either the 11.30 or the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid; the latter is more expensive,

yet it reaches there before the former.

A. Instead of the train that leaves at 11.30 from Paris to Madrid, we should take the 11.45 train, since it

is faster, though a bit more expensive.

B. We can take one of two trains to Madrid from Paris, but if we want to get there as quickly as

possible, then the 11.30 will be better for us than the 11.45.

C. Although tickets for the 11.45 train from Paris to Madrid have a higher price than those for the

11.30, that train is much quicker and so we should use it.

D. Of the two options available, the second train to Madrid leaves 15 minutes after the 11.30 and costs

more, but it would get us there from Paris earlier.

6. It’s nearly sunset now and I still haven’t eaten anything since breakfast.

A. There hasn’t been time to eat anything since breakfast, and now it’s almost sunset.

B. Breakfast was the last thing that I ate and the sun will be setting soon.

C. I generally don’t eat anything between breakfast and sunset, as is the case today.

D. I’m getting hungry because it’s almost evening and I haven’t even eaten breakfast today.

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7. The taxi driver ignored the stop sign, so it was only natural that he crashed his vehicle.

A. Naturally, the taxi driver nearly had an accident after he had disregarded the stop sign.

B. The taxi driver probably crashed his car because he was foolish enough to ignore the stop sign.

C. Since he paid no attention to the stop sign, it is not surprising that the taxi driver had an accident.

D. As he had completely disregarded the stop sign, the taxi driver was lucky to avoid crashing his car.

8. There won’t be peace in the conflict if both sides do not really desire it.

A. It is only if both sides actually want the conflict to end peacefully that it will happen.

B. As both sides in the conflict apparently desire peace, it is likely that there will be peace soon.

C. The main problem in the conflict seems to be that neither side really desires peace.

D. There has been a lot of fighting in the conflict because both sides seem to want it that way.

9. The price of orange juice has doubled due to cold weather in the orange-growing regions.

A. The 100% increase in demand in the orange-growing areas, as well as cold weather, has affected

orange juice prices.

B. The orange-growing regions of the world have suffered greatly from cold weather and a doubling of

prices.

C. As a result of cold weather in the areas that grow oranges, orange juice now costs twice what it did

before.

D. When the weather in the regions that grow oranges gets cold, orange juice prices tend to rise by

100%.

10. The meteorologist has just said that it will rain heavily all next week.

A. Throughout the coming week, according to the meteorologist, there is going to be heavy rain.

B. The meteorologist has stated that it will continue raining heavily for most of the coming week.

C. There is going to be a lot of rain until next week, if the meteorologist’s forecast proves correct.

D. As the meteorologist has pointed out, it has been raining heavily since the beginning of the week.

11. The hotel had completely burned down by the time the fire-fighters arrived.

A. Nothing but the arrival of the fire-fighters was able to stop the hotel from completely burning down.

B. The fire-fighters came too late to save the hotel from being entirely destroyed by the fire.

C. The fire-fighters came just in time to prevent the hotel from burning down completely.

D. The fire-fighters bravely fought against the fire, but they couldn’t stop the hotel from burning down.

12. Our university’s administration has recently announced that it will build a new campus in Luton.

A. The administration of our university is going to construct a new campus in Luton, according to an

announcement it’s made recently.

B. According to a recent announcement by our university’s administration, Luton needs the building of

a new campus there.

C. The plan to build a new campus in Luton has, according to a recent statement, received approval

from our university’s administration.

D. The construction of the new Luton campus has not yet begun, as the administration of our university

recently announced.

13. I had been planning to visit Haiti until the military coup made it too dangerous. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 2

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A. I almost cancelled my trip to Haiti when the military coup came to power, as it could have been too

dangerous.

B. Though a dangerous military coup came to power in Haiti, I was still planning to visit the country.

C. As it became too unsafe in Haiti when the military coup came to power, I cancelled my plan to

travel there.

D. It seemed as if my trip to Haiti was going to be risky because of the military coup that had come to

power.

14. During the next decade, the population of Chicago will probably drop by at least a quarter of a

million people.

A. Ten years from now, Chicago’s population will definitely have dropped by more than 250,000

people.

B. It is very likely that Chicago’s population will go down by no fewer than 250,000 people in the next

ten years.

C. The population of Chicago will almost certainly drop by at least 250,000 people yearly for the next

ten years.

D. At least a quarter of a million people have left Chicago in ten years, and they will probably continue

to do so.

15. Amy fled to Canada three years ago, and she has been helping other refugees there since then.

A. Three years ago, Amy decided to live in Canada, and then ended up supporting the refugees there.

B. Three years after Amy had to migrate to Canada, she started to help other refugees.

C. Amy has been aiding refugees in Canada from the time she arrived there three years ago as a refugee

herself.

D. Amy had supported refugees for three years before she went to Canada.

16. It was not only towards the end of his trip to Brazil that Ludwig managed to speak some basic

Portuguese.

A. Ludwig learnt how to say some basic Portuguese expressions during his visit to Brazil.

B. Ludwig ended his visit to Brazil before he was able to speak simple Portuguese.

C. Because Ludwig’s visit to Brazil was brief, he was unable to pick up much Portuguese.

D. By the time Ludwig was able to say some simple things in Portuguese, he was about to leave Brazil.

17. While everyone expected Clement’s party to be a disaster, it was exactly the opposite.

A. The expectation was that Clement’s party wouldn’t be successful, and it wasn’t.

B. Clement didn’t expect his party to go badly, but everybody else did.

C. Completely contrary to everyone’s expectations, Clement’s party was really good.

D. Just as everyone had predicted, Clement’s party was not a disaster.

18. Philip believes that, in 200 years’ time, robots may have taken over the world.

A. According to Philip, it is possible that robots will have gained control of the world two centuries

from now.

B. Philip supports the belief that the world will be in robots’ control two centuries from now, and he

might be right.

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C. It is the opinion of Philip that it will only take 200 years for robots to be able to be in use all over the

world.

D. The belief that robots will begin conquering the world in 200 years’ time is something Philip finds

interesting.

19. You couldn’t have watched Dancing Days at the Chinese Theater last week because it hasn’t

played there for nearly a month.

A. As Dancing Days has never played at the Chinese Theater, it must have been some other film that

you saw there this past week.

B. The Chinese Theatre stopped showing Dancing Days almost a month ago, so you can’t have seen it

there this past week.

C. If you saw Dancing Days at the Chinese Theatre last week, then it is not true that they stopped

showing it a month ago.

D. It must not have been the Chinese Theatre where you watched Dancing Days, since it was only there

for a month, and last week they stopped it.

20. Would you mind holding these plates for a minute while I take these other things off of the table?

A. I’m going to remove the other stuff from the table, so do you think you could take care of these

plates for a second?

B. Would you rather help me take the other stuff off of the table or take care of these plates for me

while I do so?

C. Do you think it would be difficult to remove so many things from the table while also handling these

plates?

D. Can you help me to put these plates down on the table in place of the things that I am going to

remove from it?

21. Anna was supposed to give an oral presentation today about William Shakespeare, but she

couldn’t come because of her illness.

A. Because of her illness, it’s possible that Anna won’t be able to come and give her oral presentation

on William Shakespeare.

B. As Anna got sick, she was unable to come and present the oral report on William Shakespeare that

she was scheduled to do for today.

C. Though Anna should be giving her oral report on William Shakespeare today, she might not come

because she is ill.

D. The teacher had assigned Anna to give today’s oral presentation concerning William Shakespeare,

but she cancelled it after becoming ill.

22. It may be true that you don’t have to attend university in order to be successful, but a college

education certainly increases your chances.

A. Studying at university can’t be absolutely necessary for your success, but it is nice to have a

university degree.

B. Without a college education, your chances for success go down, so it is probably not true that

university is not a necessity for success.

C. Success at university definitely prepares one for success in life, and so one ought to attend university

so as to fully achieve success.

D. Although it is correct that going to university is not necessary for one’s success, your chances

definitely go up with a university degree. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 3

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23. Although it would be better for you to take no more than one of these pills per day, you may take

up to two if the pain is intense.

A. Whenever there is a great deal of pain, I will allow you to take two pills in addition to the one that

you would normally take.

B. You should have taken only one of these pills every day, but because of the severity of the pain, it’s

okay that you took two.

C. If your pain is really bad, you can take one extra pill per day, but normally you should take only one.

D. Though you have perhaps taken one more pill per day than you were supposed to, it should not be a

problem because the pain was intense.

24. It’s possible that I did not correctly understand when I heard you say that you used to date

Edward.

A. I heard you say that you were once dating Edward, but I might have misunderstood your words.

B. I have to say that I think your relationship with Edward was based on a misunderstood.

C. Hopefully I did not understand your words incorrectly when you said that you had been dating

Edward.

D. I thought that I heard you say that your date with Edward turned out to be full of misunderstandings.

25. The new job pays quite well, but the applicants must have certain skills.

A. The people that will accept the applications are quite skilled, so they receive quite a good salary.

B. Specific talents are required for the new job, whose money is rather good, from those who apply for

it.

C. Only those who have a lot of skill will be able to receive the higher salaries that the new job offers.

D. One has to be exceptionally talented to even think of applying for the new job, which pays good

money.

26. Which of these two films would you prefer to watch this evening: Glory or Driving Miss Daisy?

A. Don’t you think that Glory would be a better film to watch this evening than Driving Miss Daisy?

B. Is Glory the film that we are going to watch tonight, or it is Driving Miss Daisy?

C. Would you rather see Glory tonight, or would you prefer Driving Miss Daisy?

D. I would rather see Glory tonight, but would you prefer that or Driving Miss Daisy?

27. The collapse of Michael’s marriage may have been the result of his selfishness.

A. Michael should have been a bit unselfish, and then his marriage might not have collapsed.

B. Michael could have behaved less selfishly, and that would have prevented his marriage from falling

apart.

C. The selfish behaviour of Michael certainly contributed to the collapse of his marriage.

D. It is possible that it was Michael’s self-cantered behaviour that caused his marriage to fall apart.

28. Make sure that Tyler does not forget to bring his camera on the trek.

A. You should have reminded Tyler before the trek to take his camera along with him.

B. Tyler had better remember to take his camera along with him on the trek.

C. You mush remind Tyler before the trek to take his camera along with him.

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D. Tyler won’t remember to bring his camera on the trek if you do not remind him.

29. It could be that Denise is not particularly wise, but she must have some intelligence because she is

an engineer.

A. It is possible that Denise is very intelligent, since she is an engineer, but I do not consider her

particularly wise.

B. Denise had to be very intelligent in order to become an engineer, but that does not mean that she is

especially wise.

C. Engineers like Denise are generally somewhat intelligent, even though, also like her, they are not

always wise.

D. Being an engineer, Denise is surely intelligent to some degree, although she may not be especially

wise.

30. Larry ought to get a job rather than spending so much of his time doing nothing except watching

TV.

A. It is possible for Larry to find a job, but first he must stop spending so much of his time doing

nothing but watching TV.

B. Instead of watching TV and doing nothing else for such a large amount of his time, Larry should

find employment.

C. Larry does not do anything with his time apart from watching TV, and that is why he needs to get a

job.

D. Larry could have found employment, but he preferred to spend his time watching TV and doing

nothing else.

31. During family picnics when I was a child, I would go off into the forest to escape my annoying

relatives.

A. My relatives would always annoy me during the family picnics we had when I was a child by taking

me into the forest and leaving me there.

B. My annoying family members would have family picnics when I was young, and I got used to

escaping from them into the forest.

C. My relatives used to get really annoyed when I went into the forest and hide during the family

picnics we had during my childhood.

D. I used to enter the forest when there was a family picnic during my childhood, so that I could get

away from my irritating family members.

32. Sonia was supposed to have taken her laptop to work this morning – she must have forgotten it.

A. Sonia really needs to remember to bring her laptop with her to work this morning.

B. It is probable that Sonia accidentally left her laptop here, as she had to take it to work this morning.

C. Sonia possibly forgot that she had to take her laptop with her to work this morning.

D. Sonia may not have remembered to bring her laptop to work this morning, although she should have

done so.

33. You cannot bring any kind of weapon or dangerous chemical onto an airplane.

A. It is forbidden for you to take any sort of aggressive instrument or risky chemical onto an airplane.

B. You aren’t supposed to take any of these weapons, or this risky chemical, onto an airplane.

C. You needn’t carry tools of violence or an unsafe chemical when getting onto an airplane. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 3

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D. When you fly by plane, you don’t have to carry a weapon of poisonous chemical.

34. Many amateur historians believe that Atlantis may have existed, but most of serious ones reject

this.

A. Most serious historians say that Atlantis could have existed, but the doubt amateur historians’ claims

that it certainly did.

B. Although most serious historians don’t accept that Atlantis was a real place, a lot of amateur ones

think that it possibly was.

C. Despite most amateur historians thinking that Atlantis was certainly real, most serious historians

believe that they are wrong.

D. While most serious historians think the existence of Atlantis is only a possibility, many amateur

ones are certain that it actually existed.

35. Tom Hanks used to star mostly in comedy films, but in the 1990s he took on more serious roles.

A. In the 1990s, Tom Hanks acted in serous roles, even though he had mainly featured in comedy films

before.

B. Since the 1990s, Tom Hanks has had to accept serious roles, but he would still prefer to star in

comedy films.

C. Tom Hanks can act in comedy films as well as serious ones, as his career before and after the 1990s

shows.

D. Before he started playing more serious characters, Tom Hanks preferred to appear only in comedy

films.

36. David couldn’t have broken your CD player, as he was sitting in the living room with me all

evening.

A. David and I spent the evening sitting together in the living room, but he still may have broken your

CD player.

B. Because David and I were sitting together in the living room all evening, it is impossible that he

broke your CD player.

C. I doubt that David broke your CD player on the evening when he and I were sitting together in the

living room all evening.

D. I was sitting with David in the living room all evening, and I didn’t see him break your CD player.

37. Dogs can hear sounds that are higher-pitched and lower-pitched than those humans can hear.

A. Dogs are able to hear both high- and low-pitched sounds, but humans aren’t.

B. It is probable that dogs hear sounds that are higher or lower in pitch than the sounds that humans

hear.

C. Humans aren’t able to hear sounds as high- or low-pitched as those dogs are able to.

D. Humans are not usually able to hear the high- and low-pitched sounds that dogs can.

38. In the time of Qin Shi Huang, farmers from all over China had to build the Great Wall.

A. When Qin Shi Huang was alive, farmers from every part of China were required to construct the

Great Wall.

B. While Qui Shi Huang was still living, all of China’s farmers may have built the Great Wall.

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C. Farmers from everywhere in China were allowed to work on the Great Wall during Qin Shi Huang’s

time.

D. Farmers from every part of China must have helped build the Great Wall during the time of Qin Shi

Huang.

39. The American actor Johnny Depp would rather live in France than the US.

A. The American actor Johnny Depp must be living in France right now, and not in the US.

B. Johnny Depp, the actor from America, probably thinks that France is a better country than the US.

C. The actor Johnny Depp is American, and used to live in the US, but now he lives in France.

D. Johnny Depp is an American actor who prefers to have his home in France and not in the US.

40. Let’s go to the cinema tonight – there must be an exciting film on this week.

A. This week I want to watch an action film at the cinema – how about tonight?

B. I know there is a thriller on tonight, so we have to go to the cinema and see it.

C. There is without doubt a thrilling film on this week, so why don’t we go to the cinema tonight?

D. I have heard that there’s an exciting film on at the cinema this week; tonight, we could go and see it.

41. Visitors to Thailand ought not to show the soles of their feet to anyone, as it is very rude to do so

there.

A. It is better that people travelling in Thailand don’t expose the soles of their feet to others, as there, it

is impolite to do so.

B. Since it is impolite to do so there, travelers in Thailand would rather no show the soles of their feet

to others.

C. People visiting Thailand never uncover the soles of their feet, as it can be extremely rude to do so

there.

D. Fearing that they might offend people, visitors to Thailand don’t let other people see the soles of

their feet.

42. Terence only failed his exam because he didn’t study well enough.

A. Terence might have more chance of passing the exam if he studies well.

B. Terence could not have passed his exam even if he had studied.

C. It was only Terence’s study habits that enabled him to pass his exam.

D. If only Terence had studied better for his exam, he would have passed it.

43. You had no intention of being polite to Rose, so you shouldn’t have called her.

A. You must have wanted to be nice to Rose, or you wouldn’t have called her.

B. You promised to be polite to Rose, so talk politely when you telephone her.

C. It was wrong for you to call Rose, since you weren’t planning to be nice to her.

D. I wish you hadn’t been so rude to Rose when you talked to her on the phone.

44. No matter how soon we arrive at the conference, Clara will already have spoken.

A. If we leave now, we can get to the conference in time for Clara’s speech.

B. Clara’s speech will be finished, even if we get to the conference quickly.

C. Unless we get to the conference soon, Clara will start her speech without us.

D. Clara has already spoken, so there’s no reason to go to the conference now. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 3

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45. The team we played yesterday were very bad, so, for once, we managed to win a match.

A. Because the team we played were really terrible, we managed, to beat them easily.

B. The team we played against yesterday are so bad that we have been beaten by them only once.

C. Our team always loses, but yesterday was an exception, because the team we played against were

awful.

D. The first time we were able to beat that really bad team was yesterday.

46. It said in the brochure that everything was included; however, the hotel charged us extra for

drinks.

A. According to the brochure, there would be no additional charges, but we ended up paying the hotel

for our drinks.

B. Apart from the drinks, which were specified as extra in the brochure, everything was included in the

price of the room.

C. Although the hotel charged us extra for drinks, as was started in the brochure, everything else was

covered by the initial price.

D. When we were asked by the hotel to pay for the drinks, we told them that we were on the

everything-included scheme.

47. Because the climate of the area is suitable for its production, tea is grown in the Black Sea region.

A. Tea grows in the Black Sea region, so the climate there must be suitable for it.

B. Tea can be grown in the Black Sea region whenever the weather conditions are suitable.

C. Tea flourishes in the Black Sea region, because the weather of that area is usually good for it.

D. People produce tea in the Black Sea region, since that area has appropriate weather for it.

48. Although the wildebeest had been killed by a female cheetah, it was taken from her by a pack of

jackals.

A. The wildebeest was dead, so a female cheetah carried it away from a pack of jackals.

B. A group of jackals took away the body of a female cheetah after a wildebeest had killed it.

C. A female cheetah had killed a wildebeest, but a group of jackals got the body from her.

D. A female cheetah had died attacking a wildebeest, and her body was carried off by a group of

jackals.

49. Our wedding invitations must have all been lost in the mail, as we haven’t received any replies yet.

A. It appears that all of our wedding invitations were lost in the mail, so we probably won’t be getting

any replies.

B. No answers to our wedding invitations have arrived so far, so I am sure that they were all lost in the

post.

C. No one has replied to our wedding invitations so far because they all fear that their reply will get lost

in the mail.

D. Because all of our wedding invitations had got lost in the mail, no one was able to reply to them.

50. You will be allowed to enter the conference room as soon as the manager has finished with her

presentation.

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A. The manager will be finishing her presentation very soon, and then you may go into the conference

room.

B. Now that the manager has finished presenting, you can enter the conference room.

C. Until the manager’s presentation is done, you can’t go into the conference room.

D. The conference room will be closed to everyone as long as the manager is still giving her

presentation.

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1. In 1922, New York postal officials burned 500 copies of James Joyce’s Ulysses, which was banned in

the United States until 1933.

A. Though James Joyce’s Ulysses had been banned in the United States in 1922, it was not until 1933

that 500 copies of it were burned by postal officials in New York.

B. Because James Joyce’s Ulysses had been banned in New York until 1933, postal officials burned

500 copies of it as soon as it was published in 1922.

C. 500 copies of James Joyce’s Ulysses were burned by postal officials in New York in 1922, and, in

the United States, it was banned until 1933.

D. 500 copies of James Joyce’s Ulysses were burned by New York postal officials between 1922 and

1933 because the book had been banned in the United States.

2. Because it was the height of summer when the town was flooded, the humidity inside the houses

became much higher than normal.

A. The town had been flooded at the beginning of summer, and so the houses became more humid

inside than normal as the summer went on.

B. Whenever the town was flooded in the middle of summer, it used to get much more humid inside the

houses than it normally was.

C. Since the town was usually flooded during the hottest part of the summer, the houses always got

very humid inside.

D. The houses got far more humid inside than normal because the flood happened during the hottest

part of the summer.

3. Billy was fired from the lemonade stand where he worked because he’d been drinking too much of

the lemonade.

A. As Billy was drinking an excessive amount of the lemonade from the lemonade stand where he had

a job, he lost his job there.

B. Billy left his job at the lemonade stand in order to find a job where he could drink more of the

lemonade.

C. Some people at the lemonade stand where Billy worked said that he had drunk too much of the

lemonade, and so they fired him.

D. Billy drank a lot of lemonade before he lost his job at the lemonade stand that he was working at.

4. Brian was shocked that he was selected for the managerial position from among over fifty

applicants.

A. Brian was very surprised to see that more than fifty people had applied in the hopes of being chosen

for the managerial position.

B. None of the more than fifty applicants for the managerial position was more surprised than Brian

when he was chosen for the job.

C. More than fifty people had applied for the position as manager, and it was very surprising to Brian

that he was chosen for it.

D. It was a real surprise when they finally offered the position of manager to Brian after they had

already rejected over fifty of the applicants.

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5. It was only after the priceless ruby had been stolen that the security guard noticed that the museum

had been broken into.

A. After the men had broken into the museum and stolen the valuable ruby, the security guard

wondered how they had done it.

B. By the time the security guard realized that someone had broken into the museum, the invaluable

ruby had already been stolen.

C. The security guard realized that the priceless ruby might have been stolen, because the museum had

been broken into.

D. The museum was broken into and the priceless ruby was stolen because the security guard hadn’t

been paying any attention at the time.

6. Without the leaflets they distributed, the new bookstore wouldn’t have attracted so many customers

in just the first week.

A. Nobody would have visited the new bookstore if they hadn’t handed out so many leaflets during the

first week.

B. More people would have come to the new bookstore if they had distributed more leaflets during the

first week.

C. The new bookstore drew hardly any customers during the first week, despite the leaflets that they

distributed.

D. The new bookstore drew a lot of customers in only the first week, and this was thanks to the leaflets

that they handed out.

7. Over fifty people were inside the hotel that was destroyed by the bomb placed in its basement.

A. The hotel’s basement, where the bomb had been placed, also had more than fifty people in it at the

time.

B. The hotel which the bomb in the basement completely demolished had more than fifty people in it.

C. More than fifty people were in the hotel’s basement when the hotel was ruined by a bomb that had

been placed there.

D. It is thought that over fifty people were involved in placing the bomb that entirely demolished the

hotel’s basement.

8. Whereas Mozilla Firefox is less messy, Internet Explorer is more familiar to most computer users.

A. Although Mozilla Firefox is only a bit more disorderly than Internet Explorer, many people prefer

the latter due to its greater familiarity.

B. It is Internet Explorer’s being less messy than Mozilla Firefox that makes it more popular with

computer users.

C. Both Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer are quite disorderly, so people usually prefer the latter,

as they are more familiar with it.

D. The majority of people who use computers are better acquainted with Internet Explorer, but Mozilla

Firefox has the advantage of being more orderly.

9. Doris didn’t talk very much, since she didn’t want to make her political opinions known.

A. As she wasn’t willing to reveal her political views, Doris spoke little.

B. During her brief speech, Doris managed to conceal her political opinions.

C. Doris tried, during her short talk, to avoid revealing her political opinions. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 3

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D. Doris wasn’t speaking very much, so it was difficult to know what her political views were.

10. Permanent damage to the retina will occur if a person stares directly at the sun for more than a

few moments.

A. If a person has a damaged retina, he or she can gaze straight at the sun for more than a few seconds.

B. Should it be looked at directly for longer than a few moments, the sun causes irreversible damage to

the human retina.

C. If a person looks straight at the sun for over a few seconds, his or her retina may become terribly

damaged.

D. Unless a person avoids looking straight at the sun, he or she is certain to suffer permanent retinal

damage.

11. If the air conditioner was working, we wouldn’t have needed to turn the fan on.

A. We won’t need to use the fan if the air conditioner is working.

B. We shouldn’t operate the fan when the air conditioner is working.

C. The air conditioner was working, so we didn’t turn on the fan.

D. We are only using the fan because the air conditioner is broken.

12. Mark wishes that he had studied British literature at university, instead of sociology.

A. Mark studied sociology at university, but now he thinks British literature would have been a better

choice.

B. Mark would rather be studying British literature at university than sociology.

C. Mark was going to study British literature at university, but in the end he wound up studying

sociology.

D. Instead of sociology, Mark wants to study British literature at university.

13. If a person is having migraine, he or she should lie down and keep away from bright lights.

A. A person can avoid having migraine if he or she rests and keeps at a distance from strong lights.

B. Migraine can only be stopped if the sufferer relaxes and stays away from strong lighting.

C. A person ought to lie down and avoid bright lights when he or she is suffering from migraine.

D. The best way to get rid of a migraine is to lie down and avoid bright lights.

14. Nancy wishes that she could afford to buy a ticket to the concert.

A. Nancy wants to use her money to purchase a ticket for the concert.

B. Nancy wants to go to the concert, but she doesn’t have enough money for a ticket.

C. Nancy wishes that she had bought a ticket for the concert.

D. Nancy can afford to buy a ticket for the concert that she wants to attend.

15. Melanie wishes that she hadn’t stayed in a hotel at the foot of the mountain.

A. Melanie didn’t stay at a hotel at the mountain’s base, even though she wanted to.

B. Melanie wishes there had been other hotels at the base of the mountain.

C. The hotel was at the bottom of the mountain, so Melanie regrets her stay there.

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D. Melanie doesn’t want to stay in a hotel at the foot of the mountain.

16. The department store would have stayed in business if it had been able to attract more customers.

A. The department store couldn’t get enough customers, so it had to close down.

B. Unless the department store can attract more customers, it will go out of business.

C. The department store found a way to attract more customers in order to remain in business.

D. If the department store can pull in more customers, it won’t go bankrupt.

17. Irina wishes that she hadn’t eaten the badly cooked chicken.

A. Irina doesn’t want to eat the chicken, as it has been cooked badly.

B. Irina didn’t want to eat the badly cooked chicken.

C. The chicken wasn’t cooked properly, so Irina regrets that she ate it.

D. Irina wishes that the chicken she ate had been cooked in a different way.

18. If two bridges hadn’t been built over the river, the traffic problems in the capital would be worse.

A. If there weren’t two bridges over the river, the condition of traffic in Istanbul would be bad.

B. The traffic situation in the capital would be worse without the two bridges that have been

constructed over the river.

C. Before the two bridges were constructed over the river, the capital had terrible traffic problems.

D. The traffic situation in the capital has been eased considerably since the construction of the two

bridges over the river.

19. Whether I have to work on Saturday or not, I’ll go out to dinner with you that evening.

A. I’ll take you out for dinner on Saturday evening if I don’t have to work that day.

B. If I didn’t need to work on Saturday, I’d go with you somewhere for a meal that evening.

C. Only if I don’t have to work on Saturday will I go out with you for a meal that evening.

D. I’ll still go out for dinner with you on Saturday evening, even if I’m obliged to work that day.

20. Portsmouth Football Club would be winning more games if it had a better manager.

A. If the manager of Portsmouth Football Club had been better, a greater number of games would have

been won by the team.

B. Unless Portsmouth Football Club gets a new manager, it won’t be able to win any of its matches.

C. A better manager would enable Portsmouth Football Club to beat other teams more often in its

matches.

D. It’s high time a new manager was found for Portsmouth Football Club in order to improve its

performance.

21. Let’s invite Jeff as well, so that he can take Sue’s place as a DJ in case she fails to turn up.

A. Jeff is also a good DJ, so we can invite him if Sue says she won’t be able to make it.

B. I suggest that we ask Jeff to come too, because then he can be the DJ if Sue can’t make it.

C. Since Sue might not be able to come, why don’t we ask Jeff to be our DJ?

D. I’d rather invite Jeff as the DJ, because Sue often fails to keep her promise and does not show up.

22. Providing that strict building codes have been followed, it is not particularly dangerous to live in

an earthquake zone. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 4

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A. Living in this earthquake zone has no risk, because strict building rules have been stuck to.

B. If tight building regulations had been followed, the risk of living in this earthquake zone would be

small.

C. It is fairly safe to live in an earthquake region if the buildings have been built according to tight

regulations.

D. Strict building regulations have been followed; otherwise, it would be very dangerous to live in this

earthquake zone.

23. The people of Darfur wish that the international community would stop the genocide in their

region.

A. The people of Darfur want the international community to put an end to the genocide in their area.

B. The genocide in the region of Darfur can only be stopped by the international community, according

to the people there.

C. The people of Darfur appealed to the international community to stop the genocide in their region.

D. The people of Darfur know that, without the international community, the genocide in their area

won’t stop.

24. According to recent research, a person is less likely to get serious flu if he or she is happily

married.

A. Recent research has revealed that, unless a person is in a happy marriage, he or she has a high risk of

contracting flu.

B. Recent studies show that a happy marriage reduces a person’s risk of getting serious flu.

C. New research shows that, providing that a person is in a happy marriage, he or she doesn’t need to

worry about serious flu.

D. Scientists claim that, if a person has heavy flu, he or she can’t be happily married.

25. Maria expected to visit Abu Simbel when she was in Egypt, but she didn’t have time to get there.

A. Although Maria would like to have seen Abu Simbel during her Egyptian trip, she knew there

wouldn’t be time for her to.

B. Because of the short amount of time Maria was in Egypt, she nearly didn’t travel to Abu Simbel.

C. In spite of the little time that Maria spent in Egypt, she managed to get to see Abu Simbel as she had

planned.

D. Although Maria was planning to go to Abu Simbel during her stay in Egypt, in the end she couldn’t,

due to a lack of time.

26. People in general distrust the statement that the prime minister gave to the press.

A. There is a public consensus that the prime minister’s statement to the media may not have been

honest.

B. The prime minister’s statement to the media was untrue, and most people are aware of that.

C. Everyone agrees that what the press said about the prime minister’s statement is incorrect.

D. There is a large body of opinion that trusts the prime minister even less than the media.

27. There is little hope that Craig will be able to find a job.

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A. Craig hopes that he won’t have to find work for himself.

B. It is not very likely that Craig’s search for employment will be successful.

C. Craig hopes that it will only take a little time for him to get work.

D. Craig has given up hope of finding employment.

28. Despite the insects in the bathroom, Lewis was content with his hotel room.

A. Since the bathroom had insects in it, Lewis didn’t like his room in the hotel.

B. Lewis was happy with his hotel room because the bathroom was free of insects.

C. If the bathroom had been insect-free, Lewis would have liked his hotel room.

D. Lewis was satisfied with his hotel room even though the bathroom had insects in it.

29. Only those countries in the Pacific region will be invited to attend the conference.

A. No country that is outside of the Pacific region will be asked to come to the conference.

B. The conference is probably just going to be attended by countries from in or around the Pacific.

C. Only those nations that are in or around the Pacific have applied to attend the conference.

D. The conference might not have any representatives from countries that are not along the Pacific.

30. Despite the fire-fighters’ efforts, the building burned down completely.

A. As a result of what the fire-fighters had done, the building was destroyed in the fire.

B. The fire-fighters did not work hard enough, and so the building was entirely burned down.

C. The fire entirely destroyed the building even though the fire-fighters tried to stop it.

D. The building would not have burned completely if the fire-fighters had tried harder.

31. Among the diplomats to whom the minister sent written invitations to the dinner was Ms.

Peterson.

A. Ms. Peterson was one of the diplomats who received a dinner invitation from the minister in writing.

B. The minister wrote to Ms. Peterson himself, as he felt she should be among the diplomats invited to

the dinner.

C. Except for Ms. Peterson, all of the diplomats present at the dinner had written invitations with them.

D. Unlike the other diplomats at the minister’s dinner, Ms. Peterson was the only one to be invited in

writing.

32. In India, a sure sign that the monsoons are coming is when winds start increasing.

A. It is clear that, in India, it is only when the monsoons come that the wind increases.

B. In India, the winds definitely do not increase until the monsoons have arrived.

C. Rising winds are a strong indication of the arrival of the monsoons to India.

D. The people of India think that the monsoons have come whenever the winds rise.

33. That the sky had just turned black made it obvious that I should have taken my umbrella with me.

A. I had unfortunately forgotten my umbrella because I hadn’t expected such a powerful storm from

those dark clouds.

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C. I had no idea why I did not take my umbrella with me, as the sky had been becoming increasingly

dark.

D. I did not bring my umbrella since it would have been of little use against the kind of storm that the

dark sky promised.

34. It is Wilbur who the police of Knoxville suspect was the one that robbed the jeweller’s.

A. The police of Knoxville are wondering if it was Wilbur or someone else who robbed the jeweller’s.

B. The jeweller’s was robbed, and the Knoxville police have arrested Wilbur for it.

C. The police in Knoxville are questioning Wilbur about the robbery at the jeweller’s.

D. Wilbur is thought by the Knoxville police to have robbed the jeweller’s.

35. Something led Edna to believe that Adam and Ruth had got separated.

A. That Adam and Ruth had got separated was what Edna made people believe.

B. Adam and Ruth have separated, just as Edna had anticipated.

C. Edna somehow got the impression that Adam and Ruth were no longer living together.

D. Edna informed both Adam and Ruth that it would be better if they stopped living together.

36. What you need to do most is to organize your study time, which would prevent you from

panicking before exams.

A. More than anything else, you ought to study according to a system, so as not to get terrified prior to

tests.

B. You can only avoid panicking before exams by finding a way to study in a systematic manner.

C. Organizing your hours of study would probably help you not to panic when there is an exam

approaching.

D. Your biggest problem is that you do not study and, as a result, you are frightened of exams, which is

entirely preventable.

37. Elton John is so successful a musician that he has had a career spanning five decades, in which he

has sold over 250,000,000 records worldwide.

A. For five decades, Elton John, who has sold over 250,000,000 records worldwide, has been the most

successful musician in the world.

B. Having sold more than a quarter of a billion records in five decades all over the world, Elton John is

a very successful musician.

C. Elton John, the successful musician, has sold more than a quarter of a billion records since he turned

fifty years old.

D. With the quarter of a billion records that he has sold in five decades all over the world, Elton John

can be considered a successful musician.

38. The band must start playing at 9 o’clock, regardless of whether the singer comes on time.

A. Even if the singer does not arrive on schedule, the group has to begin their performance at 9 o’clock.

B. At 9 o’clock, the band will begin playing without the singer, who is going to arrive late.

C. The group’s performance has been scheduled for 9 o’clock, although the singer will probably arrive

late.

D. The band has decided that it will start playing at 9 o’clock, even if the singer has not arrived by then.

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39. Julia can’t remember how much money is left in her bank account.

A. Julia can’t decide how much money she should leave in the bank.

B. Julia can’t recall how much money she put into her bank account.

C. Julia has forgotten the amount of money she now has in the bank.

D. Julia keeps her money in the bank, but she never knows how much she has.

40. Whatever reason Vincent gave for not coming in to work today, I’m sure it was a lie.

A. Vincent’s excuse for not turning up for work today is something that I can’t accept as being true.

B. Vincent is a liar, so I’m certain that he found some excuse for not coming in to work today.

C. Vincent was lying about not coming in to work today – I’m certain of it.

D. Even though I don’t know what it was, the excuse given by Vincent today for being absent must be

untrue.

41. Marcus likes both Korean and Japanese, so he can’t decide which one to study at university.

A. Even though Marcus likes Korean and Japanese, he can’t work out which university he should go to.

B. Marcus doesn’t know whether to study Korean or Japanese at university, because he likes them both.

C. Although Marcus likes both Korean and Japanese, he doesn’t know if he’ll study them at university.

D. Despite his love of Korean and Japanese, Marcus doesn’t know whether to study one of them at

university.

42. Our baby was crying so loudly that he woke up our neighbour.

A. Our neighbour was angry that he had been woken up by our baby’s noisy crying.

B. Our neighbour was awake during the whole time our baby was crying loudly.

C. Our baby was crying very loudly, so our neighbour was unable to go to sleep.

D. Our baby was making such a noise with his crying that our neighbour awoke.

43. Lydia asked me if I thought that Anna ought to be expelled from the chess club.

A. It was clear that Anna deserved to be removed from the chess club, but Lydia questioned me

anyway about whether I thought this was right.

B. I was asked by Lydia what I thought about Anna’s having been expelled from the chess club.

C. Lydia wanted to learn my opinion about whether Anna should be removed from the chess club.

D. After Anna had been kicked out of the chess club, Lydia wondered what I had thought about the

incident.

44. However you cook those potatoes, Hugo will still eat them.

A. The potatoes will be consumed by Hugo whether you are the cook or not.

B. Hugo will eat those potatoes so long as they have been cooked.

C. If you cook those potatoes in the way that Hugo likes, he’ll certainly eat them.

D. In whatever way you cook those potatoes, they will still be eaten by Hugo.

45. Professor Brown told me to learn Esperanto so that I could properly understand the poetry of

William Auld.

A. I was told by Professor Brown that, in order to be able to correctly appreciate William Auld’s

poetry, I should learn Esperanto. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 4

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B. By helping me to learn Esperanto, Professor Brown also enabled me to properly understand William

Auld’s poetry.

C. When Professor Brown informed me that William Auld’s poems were in Esperanto, I wanted to

learn the language to understand them better.

D. The poetry of William Auld, as Professor Brown informed me, is difficult to understand properly if

one does not know Esperanto.

46. Since I had a terrible toothache during the exam, I was unable to complete more than half of the

questions.

A. While I was just over halfway through one of the questions in the exam, I had to stop because of a

horrible toothache.

B. I couldn’t finish the majority of the exam questions because I had an awful toothache while I was

doing them.

C. From the time that my toothache started in the exam, I was only able to do a few of the questions.

D. Due to my toothache, which was getting worse and worse, I was only able to finish just over half of

the questions in the exam.

47. Zachary wants to get back at Jamie for playing a trick on him during his interview on the student

radio channel.

A. Zachary hopes to be treated better during his next interview on the student radio channel, as Jamie

played a trick on him during the first one.

B. Because Jamie gave him the chance to be interviewed on the student radio channel, Zachary would

like to meet him again.

C. Zachary created an interview program for Jamie on the student radio channel, so Jamie wishes to

repay him somehow.

D. As Jamie tricked Zachary in his interview on the student radio channel, Zachary hopes to get his

revenge on him.

48. The Bourne Identity, written by Robert Ludlum, is a book about a man who must discover who he

is and why people are trying to kill him.

A. In The Bourne Identity, written by Robert Ludlum, a man who doesn’t know his own identity is

asked to commit murder, but isn’t told the reason.

B. Robert Ludlum wrote a book, called The Bourne Identity, about a man who couldn’t learn his own

identity until after he had killed his would-be assassins.

C. Robert Ludlum’s The Bourne Identity tells the story of a man that is trying to find out his identity

and the reason for his being a target for murder.

D. In Robert Ludlum’s The Bourne Identity, a group of people are trying to kill a man, but they don’t

know who he is or why they have to kill him.

49. I was asked by the director to do the set design for the annual school play, but I had to answer

that, because of my schoolwork, I wouldn’t be able to.

A. I couldn’t think of another excuse when the director requested that I design the sets for the annual

school play, so I told him that I couldn’t, as I had a lot of schoolwork.

B. As soon as the director had requested that I do the annual school play’s set design, I tried to refuse

him by making up an excuse an said that I had a lot of schoolwork.

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C. I had so much schoolwork to do that I knew I would have to refuse if the director of the school’s

annual play asked me to do the set design for it.

D. Owing to my schoolwork, I was forced to refuse the director’s request that I do the set design for the

school’s yearly play.

50. By admitting that he had been alone on the night of the murder, Trevor caused the police officer to

suspect him even more.

A. The police officer was made to be still more suspicious of Trevor after he had acknowledged that,

on the night the murder had occurred, no one had been with him.

B. When Trevor confessed that there had been no one with him on the night of the murder, the police

officer became certain that he was the criminal.

C. It was only because Trevor claimed to have been alone on the night of the murder that the police

officer began to suspect him.

D. Even if Trevor had not confessed to being alone on the night the murder was committed, the police

officer would still have found him suspicious. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 4

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1. Clare told Colin not to worry about the dishes, as she was planning to do them when she arrived

home.

A. Though Colin was worried that he would have to do the dishes, Clare reassured him by saying that she

would be doing them the moment she got home.

B. Colin was not especially worried about the dishes, as Clare had told him that she was going to do them as

soon as she got home.

C. Because Clare had the intention of washing the dishes upon coming home, she informed Colin that he

should not bother himself with them.

D. Clare arrived home and told Colin that he shouldn’t worry about washing the dishes because it was her

turn to do them.

2. Unless we are granted a visa soon, it will be too late for us to go to Belgium.

A. We will have to delay our trip to Belgium for a short time while we are waiting for a visa.

B. If we don’t want to miss our chance to go to Belgium, we should apply for a visa soon.

C. It is too late for us to go to Belgium, and anyway we still haven’t been given a visa for the country.

D. We must be given a visa shortly; otherwise, our chance to go to Belgium will have been lost.

3. The violence might have been provoked by the fans of the visiting team.

A. It could have been the visiting team’s supporters that set off the violence.

B. There may have been some violence caused by the visiting team’s fans.

C. The supporters of the visiting team were probably provoked into being violent.

D. The supporters of the visiting team were the people who began the violence.

4. If your electricity gets cut off, you can come and watch the Harry Potter film at my house.

A. If you want to see the Harry Potter film, you had better come to my house, as your electricity is cut off.

B. I would invite you to see the Harry Potter film at my house, but the electricity might be cut off.

C. Unless you come to my house, you won’t be able to watch the Harry Potter film due to the power cut.

D. You may visit my house to watch the Harry Potter film, should there be a power cut in yours.

5. The fact that Allan hardly works at all is likely to get him fired soon.

A. It must be Allan’s low level of work that he is being fired for.

B. Allan works so little that they are thinking of firing him a short time from now.

C. Allan may well lose his job before long as a result of his doing almost no work.

D. It is known that Allan will lose his job soon, as he hasn’t been doing any work.

6. It seemed to everyone that what Maria was trying to say was that she was no longer in love with

Tyler.

A. Everybody thought that her not being in love with Tyler anymore was the thing that Maria was

attempting to express with her words.

B. Maria’s attempt at saying that she and Tyler were no longer in love was what made everyone aware of

how she actually felt.

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C. As Maria was not in love with Tyler any longer, she decided that she ought to tell everyone about this.

D. Everyone had already guessed that Maria would attempt to tell them about her no longer being in love

with Tyler, and she really did so.

7. The weather report on television has just announced that a severe snowstorm watch will be in effect

until at least Monday.

A. By Monday, it seems that the television weather report will have observed the effects of the recent severe

snowstorm.

B. It was said on the television weather report a short while ago that, until at least Monday, there is the

possibility of a severe snowstorm.

C. Until Monday, according to a recent television weather report I’ve just watched, there was a severe

snowstorm.

D. A severe snowstorm will affect the area until at least Monday, although the weather report on television

will be monitoring it.

8. As soon as Kelly told him about the death of her dog, Puyi, Michael began to cry like a baby.

A. Michael started crying as a baby does immediately after Kelly informed him that her dog, Puyi, had died.

B. Michael heard about the death of Kelly’s dog, Puyi, from Kelly herself, who was crying like a baby when

she told him.

C. Puyi, Kelly’s dog, died, and soon afterwards, Kelly told Michael, who started to cry like a baby at the

news.

D. Crying like a baby, Kelly told Michael about the fact that her dog, Puyi, had just died.

9. I probably won’t know until early next month whether or not the university’s music program has

accepted me.

A. It is most likely that the university will have accepted me into their music program before the beginning

of next month.

B. Not before the beginning of next month will I find out if I have been accepted into the university’s music

program.

C. The university’s music program has accepted me, but I probably won’t be officially informed of this fact

until early next month.

D. The music program at the university seems to have decided that I will not be accepted there until the

beginning of next month.

10. Chester is not especially keen to go to the company’s Christmas party, but I am, because there’ll

be free drinks.

A. What Chester doesn’t like about going to the company Christmas party is the free drinks, but that’s

exactly what I like about it.

B. Even though the company is providing free drinks at the Christmas party, I still haven’t managed to

persuade Chester to attend it together with me.

C. As the company Christmas party will have drinks for free, I’m exited about going there, though Chester

isn’t.

D. The free drinks are only one of the things that made me exited about going to the company’s Christmas

party, but Chester isn’t excited at all.

11. You can withdraw money in many countries with ease if you have an ATM card. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 4

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A. Thanks to your ATM card, you were able to take cash out easily in a lot of countries.

B. If you use your ATM card, getting money from the bank in any country is simple.

C. If you had an ATM card, you wouldn’t have any difficulty getting money in so many countries.

D. An ATM card enables you to take money out easily in a large number of countries.

12. It was possible that I would have to work on Saturday, so I didn’t buy a ticket to the motorbike

race.

A. In case I didn’t have the day off on Saturday, I didn’t purchase a ticket to the motorcycle race.

B. I didn’t purchase a ticket for Saturday’s motorbike race, because I had to work on that day.

C. If I didn’t have to work on Saturday, I would have got myself a ticket for the motorbike race.

D. I was sure that I would need to work on Saturday, so I didn’t buy a ticket for the motorcycle race.

13. You wouldn’t have written such a good essay without the help of your sister.

A. Although you had your sister’s assistance, your essay turned out badly.

B. Your essay turned out so well because your sister aided you.

C. If you had asked for your sister’s help, your essay would have been much better.

D. Your essay was only good because you had your sister do it for you.

14. Celia regrets turning down the job offer in Portugal, now that she has been unemployed for

several months.

A. Celia hasn’t been able to find a job yet, but she could agree to work in Portugal if she was offered the

post.

B. Even though Celia had been without work for a long time, she refused to work in Portugal.

C. If the job didn’t involve working in Portugal, Celia would be willing to take it, because she needs to

work.

D. Celia wishes she had accepted the job offer in Portugal, because she hasn’t had a job for a couple of

months now.

15. Unlike the managers, the workers don’t continue to be given pay rises when the company is

experiencing financial difficulties.

A. It is only the workers, but not the managers, whose pay is kept at the same level when the company has

financial problems.

B. The managers won’t get a pay rise during this financial crisis in the firm, but all of the workers will.

C. Pay rises cannot be given to the workers by the management when the firm is in a financial crisis.

D. The management doesn’t like to give the workers a pay rise when the company is having financial

problems.

16. I consider Ted’s habit of smiling shyly to be his most charming feature.

A. What is more charming for me about Ted than anything else is his shy smile.

B. The most charming smile that I think I have ever seen is Ted’s.

C. The way that Ted smiles at me shyly makes me like him even more.

D. I think Ted is more charming than other people because of his shy smile.

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17. It is virtually impossible for beginning students of Turkish to comprehend certain words due to

their length.

A. Many Turkish words are very long and cannot be pronounced easily by beginning students of the

language.

B. Some Turkish words are so long that understanding them is barely possible for the beginning learner.

C. If a beginning Turkish student doesn’t want to be discouraged, he or she should avoid learning long

words at first.

D. Words in Turkish are generally so long that beginning students of the language fail to understand them

completely.

18. May failed her exam because she didn’t study hard enough for it.

A. Studying harder for her exam might have enabled May to do slightly better on it.

B. Even if May had studied harder for her exam, she would not have been able to pass it.

C. It is not certain that May could have passed her exam even if she had studied more for it.

D. Had May studied harder for her exam, she would have passed it.

19. Of the people asked, virtually all of them thought the president’s criticisms were unfair.

A. Nearly everyone who was questioned believed that the criticisms the president made were not fair.

B. A great number of people were questioned about whether they considered the president’s criticisms to be

unfair.

C. Not everybody was certain if the president’s criticisms had been unjust or not.

D. Not many people were asked, but those who were found the criticisms of the president unjust.

20. As we haven’t got enough money to go out this month, let’s invite people to our home instead.

A. If it were not so expensive to go out, we would not have to have guests at our house this month.

B. Since going out is so expensive these days, it’s a better idea to invite people over to one’s house.

C. Going out will be too expensive for us this month, so I suggest we have guests over instead.

D. It is not worth going out this month, since it’s cheaper to invite people to our house instead.

21. The head of the exploration team was too fatigued to continue, though base camp was only 250

metres away.

A. With just a quarter of a kilometer left until base camp, the exploration team’s leader did not have enough

strength to go on.

B. The exploration team’s leader was not strong enough to continue, despite having gone only a quarter of a

kilometer from base camp.

C. The person leading the exploration gave up because of weakness after going only 250 metres from base

camp.

D. Although the exploration team had gone just 250 metres, the leader had so little energy that he had to

give up and return to base camp.

22. In my whole life, nothing has fascinated me as much as woodcarving has been doing recently.

A. Woodcarving is such a fascinating activity that, for the first time in my life, I am actually enjoying doing

something.

B. I am glad that I have taken up woodcarving, since nothing before has attracted my interest so much.

C. I have never been as interested in anything before as I am now in woodcarving. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 5

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D. I am really interested in woodcarving, and in fact I have rarely been as happy doing anything as I am

doing it.

23. There is, in fact, less alcohol in beer than there is in wine, though the former’s taste is more bitter.

A. Beer tastes much more bitter than wine because of its lower alcohol content.

B. Despite tasting less bitter, wine actually contains a higher amount of alcohol than beer does.

C. Although beer is not as good - tasting as wine, it is just as full of alcohol.

D. The more bitter taste of beer as compared with wine indicates that the former does not have as much

alcohol as the latter.

24. The likelihood of suffering a heart attack rises as one becomes increasingly obese.

A. Anyone who is obese is likely to experience a heart attack at any time.

B. Heart attacks are happening more and more often, and most of the sufferers are obese.

C. Obesity results in only a slight increase in the probability of having a heart attack.

D. The more obese one is, the higher the chances for a heart attack become.

25. This book is probably the most boring one that I have ever read.

A. I would never have guessed that this book would be so terribly dull.

B. Many other books that I have read have been as uninteresting as this one.

C. It is very likely that every other book I have read in my life is more interesting than this one.

D. A number of books are supposedly as boring as this one, but I have not read any of them.

26. The more a boxer fights, the higher the chance that he or she will get brain damage.

A. There is a high chance that a boxer will become brain-damaged when he or she fights.

B. Boxers have a higher chance of getting brain damage than other people, as they fight more.

C. The boxers that fight too often are the only ones at risk of having their brains damaged.

D. The risk of a boxer’s brain being damaged increases with the number of his or her fights.

27. Without the support of the editor, there is no way that John can get his poems published in this

magazine.

A. John will be able to get his poems printed in this magazine, whether he has the editor’s support or not.

B. Because the editor doesn’t support John, his poems certainly won’t be printed in this magazine.

C. It is impossible that John will have his poems printed in this magazine if he isn’t backed by the editor.

D. There is no chance of John’s poems being published in this magazine, even if the editor is behind them.

28. Although W. Somerset Maugham was a popular writer, he thought of himself as a second-rate

one.

A. W. Somerset Maugham was as second-rate as he considered himself to be, and this is reflected in how

popular he was.

B. W. Somerset Maugham was such a popular writer that he considered himself to be the second best of his

time.

C. Because W. Somerset Maugham was only considered to be a second-rate writer, it is surprising that he

was so popular.

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D. Despite W. Somerset Maugham not considering himself to be among the best writers, he was well - liked.

29. You should not eat so much chocolate.

A. You eat quite a lot of chocolate, but don’t eat more than that.

B. You eat too much chocolate, and this is not good for you.

C. I would rather eat less chocolate than you.

D. If I were you, I wouldn’t eat any chocolate at all.

30. At present, any spacecraft launched from Earth would be far too slow to reach another star

system within one human lifetime.

A. At the moment, no spacecraft which could be launched from Earth is anywhere near fast enough to reach

another star system within the life-time of a human.

B. All of the spacecraft that can be launched from Earth at present are so slow that it would take the lifetime

of one human for them to arrive at another star system.

C. Other star systems are at such a great distance from Earth that it will always remain impossible for any

spacecraft launched from our planet to reach one in the lifetime of a human.

D. It is impossible that within our lifetime any spacecraft will be made fast enough to be able to reach

another star system.

31. Japanese is not at all similar to Chinese, except in its writing system and a few pieces of

vocabulary.

A. Chinese has a system of writing and a number of words that are distinct from anything found in Japanese.

B. Japanese is different from Chinese in that it has a different writing system and a smaller vocabulary.

C. Japanese took its writing system and words from Chinese, but apart from that, the language is completely

different.

D. Although the way Japanese is written, and some of its words, are not different from Chinese, everything

else about the language is.

32. I’m going to buy the least expensive mobile phone in the shop, because I’m trying to save as much

money as I can.

A. I have saved all the money that I’ve been able to, but I can still only afford to buy the cheapest mobile

phone in the shop.

B. I’ll purchase a cheap mobile phone in the shop, as I’m attempting to spend as little money as possible.

C. In the shop, I’m going to buy the mobile phone with the lowest price because the more money I can save,

the better.

D. I’m attempting to save enough money to be able to purchase the mobile phone in the shop that isn’t as

expensive as the others.

33. It could have been Julia that I saw going into the music shop on High Street, but she was quite far

away.

A. Had the person going into High Street’s music shop not been at such a distance from me, I would have

been able to see whether it was Julia.

B. Although she was some distance from me, it is possible that the person I saw going into the music shop

on High Street was Julia.

C. The person I saw going into the music shop on High Street was too far away for me to see clearly, but

I’m sure it was Julia. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 5

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D. Even though she was a little far from me, I was able to see Julia step into the music shop on High Street.

34. It is probably impossible for me to complete this essay by the deadline.

A. I doubt that I will be able to finish writing this essay in time.

B. Unless the deadline changes, I’ll manage to complete this essay on time.

C. I’m sure that I won’t be able to finish writing the essay on time.

D. I want to finish writing this essay, even if it’s going to be late.

35. The later works of John Dos Passos aren’t generally as respected as his earlier ones.

A. The books John Dos Passos wrote later in life are generally viewed as greater than his earliest one.

B. The first books that John Dos Passos wrote are usually seen as better than those he wrote late on.

C. John Dos Passos’ earlier works, in general, haven’t been given as much respect as his later ones.

D. The earliest works by John Dos Passos are certainly far greater than the ones he produced later on.

36. During the winter, this area becomes so cold that we can use the balcony as a refrigerator.

A. There is no need for us to have a refrigerator around here, as the cold weather makes the balcony just as

good.

B. The balcony is so cold that it is like a refrigerator during the extreme winter weather here.

C. We get such low temperatures in this area in the winter that we stop using the fridge and use the balcony

instead.

D. We find the balcony to be as effective as a fridge in the extreme cold we get around here in winter.

37. There are more Spanish speakers in California than there are people in Nicaragua.

A. The population of Nicaragua is smaller than the Spanish–speaking population of California.

B. Fewer people speak Spanish in California than in the country of Nicaragua.

C. Spanish is spoken natively in Nicaragua, though it has more speakers in California.

D. A higher percentage of Californians than Nicaraguans are able to speak Spanish.

38. The story which Hank had told about his catching a gigantic fish turned out to be entirely false.

A. Hank’s story about how he had caught a huge fish was heard several times before it was realized that it

was wholly untrue.

B. A tale was told about how Hank had caught a very large fish, but not many people actually thought that it

was true.

C. In the end, Hank’s tale of how he had caught an enormous fish was discovered to be completely untrue.

D. Hank turned up to explain that the story about his catching a huge fish was, in fact, completely false.

39. Most of the charity members have agreed that this concert should be just the first of their

activities in support of the homeless.

A. Many of the charity members thought that they could do better things than holding a concert to support

the homeless.

B. The idea that other events must follow this concert held to support the homeless is shared by the majority

of the charity member.

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C. There is total agreement among the charity members that this concert should not be the only thing they do

for the homeless.

D. According to many members of the charity, after the first concert, they should have continued to support

the homeless.

40. If you require any assistance, Selin is the best person to help you out with the difficulty.

A. You can ask anyone but Selin for assistance if you should have such a difficulty.

B. If Selin cannot solve your problem, it is unlikely that anyone else can give you the required assistance.

C. If nobody else can help you to deal with the problem, you can try asking Selin.

D. Should you need any help dealing with the problem, no one can help you better than Selin.

41. I haven’t got enough money to buy even the least expensive item on the menu.

A. The cheapest thing on the menu is nonetheless too expensive for me to afford.

B. I think that even the least expensive thing on the menu costs more money than it ought to.

C. Though there are a few low-priced items on the menu, they still cost too much money for me.

D. I won’t buy the cheapest thing on the menu, since it may end up being a waste of my money.

42. Until Mohandas K. Gandhi took over control of the Indian National Congress, the idea of an

independent India had been little more than a dream.

A. Mohandas K. Gandhi took over the leadership of the Indian National Congress, which dreamed of an

India which was independent.

B. It was the leader Mohandas K. Gandhi who first gave the idea of an independent India to the Indian

National Congress.

C. Indian independence only became a realistic goal once Mohandas K. Gandhi had started to lead the

Indian National Congress.

D. Before Mohandas K. Gandhi, the Indian National Congress hadn’t been interested in the goal of

achieving independence for India.

43. News producers don’t always demonstrate what they are capable of unless they are under the

stressful conditions of a live broadcast.

A. Because of the pressure it involves, a live broadcast many be the best environment for news producers to

show off their skills.

B. Some news producers are unable to demonstrate their abilities to the fullest when they feel pressured

during live broadcasts.

C. News producers don’t always do their best work during a live broadcast, as they lack the skills to do their

job.

D. In a live broadcast, news producers who otherwise appear quite capable may prove to be ineffective.

44. Alan didn’t like the bag that he saw in the market because it wasn’t big enough to hold his

computer equipment.

A. Alan needed a big bag to hold his computer equipment, but he didn’t like the one that he looked at in the

market.

B. Alan looked for a large bag in the market in which he could put his computer equipment, but he couldn’t

find any.

C. The bag which Alan saw in the market was so small that it wouldn’t have been able to hold any of his

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D. The reason why the bag Alan looked at in the market didn’t appeal to him was that it was too small for

his computer equipment to fit in.

45. Patricia realized with regret that, without the divorce, today she would have been married to Jeff

for fifteen years.

A. Patricia was terribly sad about the fact that she was getting divorced on her fifteenth wedding

anniversary.

B. Patricia sadly remembered she’d have been married to Jeff for fifteen years on this day if they hadn’t

divorced.

C. Patricia and Jeff got divorced fifteen years ago, and today, on their anniversary, she regrets this decision

of theirs.

D. It’s Patricia and Jeff’s anniversary today, but Jeff is upset with Patricia, which has made her quite sad.

46. Emilia, whom Naomi just beat in the last race, is training for the city marathon this weekend.

A. Emilia, who is preparing for the city marathon this weekend, was barely defeated by Naomi in the

previous race.

B. Naomi was just beaten in the last race by Emilia, who is practicing for the marathon in the city this

weekend.

C. Emilia is getting ready for the marathon in the city this weekend as she wants to do better than Naomi.

D. As she was badly beaten by Naomi in the last race, Emilia is training hard for the city marathon this

weekend.

47. In the canteen, I saw our new professor, one of whose qualifications for the job is that she has

written three books on quantum physics.

A. In the canteen, I met our new professor of quantum physics, on which subject she has authored three

books, although she is also qualified in a great many other areas.

B. Our new professor, whom I spotted in the canteen, has been employed here just because of the three

books which she has written on quantum physics.

C. One of the reasons that our new professor, whom I spotted in the canteen, is working here is the three

books on quantum physics which she has authored.

D. It was only after she has authored three books on quantum physics that our new professor, who I noticed

in the canteen, was able to get a job here.

48. Most of the songs of The Beatles were written by John Lennon or Paul McCartney, rather than by

Ringo Starr or George Harrison.

A. Neither Ringo Starr nor George Harrison created the majority of The Beatles’ songs; John Lennon and

Paul McCartney did.

B. It was the songs written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, rather than Ringo Starr and George

Harrison, that The Beatles mostly played.

C. Only some of the songs by The Beatles were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, while the rest

were written by Ringo Starr and George Harrison.

D. Ringo Starr and George Harrison would have liked to write as many songs for The Beatles as John

Lennon and Paul McCartney did.

49. Margot had been planning to join the circus until she discovered that the pay was much too low.

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A. Even after discovering that circus performers earned very little money, Margot made a plan to join one.

B. Because the money Margot earned working at the circus was too little, she planned to stop working there.

C. Margot wasn’t sure whether or not she should continue working at the circus unless she earned more

money.

D. As the money which circus performers earned was far too little, Margot changed her mind about joining

it.

50. Heather and Graham have such a small living room that they’ll have trouble getting all of this

furniture into it.

A. It would be difficult for Heather and Graham to keep all of this furniture if their living room was a little

smaller.

B. Heather and Graham’s living room is too tiny for them to put all of this furniture in it with ease.

C. Heather and Graham’s living room is much too small to hold any of this furniture.

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1. We must have been decorating in the baby’s room; otherwise, we would have seen the evening

news.

A. I’m pretty sure that we were decorating in the baby’s room, and therefore missed the evening news.

B. We were in the baby’s room decorating when the news came on, so we didn’t watch it.

C. We couldn’t watch the evening news because we were decorating in the baby’s room.

D. Although we were decorating in the baby’s room, we still could have watched the news if the TV had

been on.

2. Eric had promised to clean the car, but then he ran into an old friend, and so he couldn’t get the job

done.

A. Eric was about to start washing the car when he was invited over by an old friend of his, so he didn’t

have the time to fulfil his promise.

B. Because Eric unexpectedly met an old friend, he decided to clean the car another time.

C. Suddenly, Eric had to see an old friend; thus, he couldn’t carry out his promise of wiping the dirt off the

car.

D. Eric met an old friend by chance, so he was unable to keep his promise, which was to wash the car.

3. Jane had found it difficult to concentrate on her homework until the battery in her MP3 player ran

out.

A. When her MP3 player stopped working due to a lack of battery power, Jane was at last able to focus on

her homework.

B. Jane’s MP3 had been stopping her from doing her homework properly, so she disconnected its battery.

C. Before Jane ran out and got a battery for her MP3 player, she wasn’t able to focus on her homework as

much as she should have.

D. Jane waited until the battery in her MP3 player stopped providing power before she really started

focusing on her homework.

4. Even though Manuel was brought up by his mother on her own, he takes after his father more.

A. Despite the fact that Manuel was cared for only by his mother, he respects his father more.

B. Manuel was raised by just his mother, but he resembles his father more than he does her.

C. Manuel likes his father more than his mother in spite of the fact that only she looked after him as a child.

D. The appearance of Manuel is more similar to his father than his mother, who lives by herself.

5. The flight to New Delhi didn’t tale nearly as long as we’d expected.

A. The flight to New Delhi shouldn’t have taken so long.

B. We knew the flight to New Delhi would take a long time, but not this long.

C. We didn’t think the flight to New Delhi would be over so soon.

D. We had expected the flight to New Delhi to be much shorter.

6. The designer of these tennis shoes is the sister of my closest friend Elaine.

A. My best friend Elaine’s sister is designing tennis shoes for a company.

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B. A close friend of mine is Elaine, whose sister designed these tennis shoes.

C. Elaine, the designer of these tennis shoes, is my best friend’s sister.

D. My best friend Elaine’s sister designed these tennis shoes.

7. Paul was knocked down by a cyclist rushing to work the moment that he walked into the road.

A. Paul, who was hurrying to get to his workplace, stepped into the road and then was run over by a cyclist.

B. As soon as Paul stepped in the road, a cyclist, who was speeding to his job, ran into him and struck him to

the ground.

C. Once Paul had put his foot into the road on his way to work, he was struck down by a speeding cyclist.

D. The moment that Paul moved into the road, he knocked over a cyclist who was in a hurry to get to his

job.

8. Everyone has something from their past that they would rather keep to themselves.

A. Everyone has something from their past that they want to forget about.

B. Everyone has done something wrong in their life that they wish they hadn’t done.

C. Some people are not keen on revealing anything about their past.

D. All people have something from their past that they prefer not to share with others.

9. In 1998, the capital of Kazakhstan was moved to Astana, where an important railway junction can

be found.

A. When, in 1998, the Kazakhs discovered that one of their most important railway junctions was at Astana,

they made it their new capital.

B. The capital of Kazakhstan would not have been at Astana since 1998 if there hadn’t been a vital meeting

place of railway lines there.

C. Astana, which is on a significant meeting place of different railway lines, has been the location of the

capital of Kazakhstan since 1998.

D. In 1998, when the capital of Kazakhstan was moved to Astana, an essential junction for the railways was

constructed there.

10. By the time Lester gets here, we will have left for our vacation in Bristol.

A. We are going to set off for our holiday in Bristol as soon as Lester comes round.

B. We are going to set off for our holiday in Bristol before Lester turns up here.

C. If Lester doesn’t arrive soon, we’ll have to leave for our vacation in Bristol.

D. Our holiday in Bristol will have finished before Lester comes here for a visit.

11. It is much easier to walk home from here than get on a crowded minibus.

A. It is a lot more difficult to squeeze into a full minibus than to go home from here on foot.

B. People generally walk home from here rather than use the minibuses, because they are always full.

C. While it’s not easy to get on a crowded minibus, it’s better than going home on foot.

D. If the minibus is full, I will probably just choose to walk home from here.

12. Until I saw her for myself, I didn’t think that Naomi had been badly wounded.

A. Naomi hadn’t been hurt very badly, and I became aware of that at the time that I saw her.

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C. As soon as I saw Naomi, I knew that her injuries were very serious.

D. It was only when I saw Naomi that I realized how seriously she had been injured.

13. Despite having few passengers, the coach to Dover will still leave according to schedule.

A. The coach that goes to Dover only carries a small number of passengers.

B. There are quite a few people traveling on the bus to Dover, so it will be departing soon.

C. The coach to Dover is going to depart as planned, even though there aren’t many people on it.

D. If the bus for Dover leaves right now, there won’t be a lot of people traveling on it.

14. There were over two hundred people at Carl’s trial, most of whom believed that he was not guilty

of the crime.

A. The majority of the more than 200 people at Carl’s trial didn’t think that he had committed the crime.

B. When it was announced that Carl had been found not guilty of the crime, there were over 200 people in

the audience at his trial.

C. Over 200 people coming to Carl’s trial must have influenced the fact that he was not found guilty of the

crime.

D. Carl had not committed the crime, and so more than 200 people came to his trial to show their support.

15. It couldn’t have been Mary that you heard shouting last night, as she is vacationing in Vermont at

the moment.

A. I think Mary is on holiday in Vermont now, so you may be wrong in thinking that you heard her yelling

last night.

B. Right now, Mary is having a holiday in Vermont, so it is impossible that it was she whose shouting you

heard last night.

C. Are you sure it was Mary who shouted to you last night, because, as far as I know, she is on vacation in

Vermont at the moment?

D. If it was Mary that you heard yelling last night, then she can’t be taking a vacation in Vermont at the

moment.

16. Without adding some more buses, overcrowding on public transport will persist.

A. There’s overcrowding on public transport because there are not enough buses.

B. Overcrowding on public transport could only be lessened by increasing the number of buses.

C. In order to reduce the amount of overcrowding on public transport, more buses will be added.

D. A proposal has been made to lessen overcrowding on public transport by buying more buses.

17. Since I have no preference, either cinema suits me for seeing the film tonight.

A. It doesn’t matter to me which of the two cinemas we see the film in tonight.

B. We can go to whichever cinema you like, as long as we watch the film tonight.

C. Because you have no preferences, I’ll choose the film we’re going to watch tonight.

D. It’s your choice which cinema we see a film in tonight, since I’ve chosen which film we’ll see.

18. Gerald had such a strong sense of independence that he attempted to do everything for himself

before seeking assistance.

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A. Before attempting to do things for himself, Gerald called for help, even if he didn’t think he would need

it.

B. Gerald gained mental strength from being an independent person, so he only sought assistance when he

actually needed it.

C. Without having tried it on his own first, Gerald never asked for help with anything, as he was so

independent.

D. After attempting to seek assistance, Gerald independently went on to do everything without help.

19. Manny had a stuffed animal that he couldn’t sleep without when he was young, but he doesn’t

have it any longer.

A. When Manny was a child, a stuffed animal used to make him feel safe enough to fall asleep.

B. When Manny was a boy, he had a stuffed animal that he kept with him until he fell asleep, but now he

doesn’t have one.

C. As a small child, Manny couldn’t fall asleep without taking a stuffed animal to bed with him, but he no

longer needs it.

D. Though he doesn’t have it any more, Manny used to have a stuffed animal that he needed with him to

sleep as a small child.

20. As a result of the unusually good weather, we had plenty of sunshine on our holiday.

A. Because the weather was not as bad as we expected, we were able to have our holiday when we usually

do.

B. We were all happy that there was plenty of sunshine on our holiday due to the unseasonably good

weather.

C. We had quite a lot of sunshine while we were on holiday because the weather was much better than it

normally is.

D. Fortunately, the weather was favourable throughout our stay, so we got just enough sunshine to enjoy our

vacation.

21. Very few elected officials actually represent everyone in their district, even if a large number of

people vote for them.

A. The number of people who vote in each election is important so as to elect officials representative of

most of the citizens.

B. A lot of the people who run for public office each year don’t receive enough votes to represent the

population.

C. If enough of the population had voted for them, the officials would have represented most of them.

D. Even when many people vote for them, most officials still aren’t representative of all citizens in their

regions.

22. Her brother refuses to allow her to come out with him more than once a fortnight.

A. Her brother can only join her trips around town once every two weeks.

B. It’s only once every two weeks that her brother lets her join him when he goes out.

C. Her brother doesn’t like the idea of her going out more often than once a fortnight.

D. She’s been begging her brother for permission to go out with him for two weeks now.

23. Since indigenous measles was eliminated in the Americas in 2002, the spread of this virus is no

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A. Unlike the virus that infected a large portion of the Americas in 2002, indigenous measles no longer

affects the area.

B. With the elimination of indigenous measles in the Americas in 2002, there are no longer any viruses that

pose a threat there.

C. The spread of indigenous measles has not been a threat in the Americas since 2002, when the disease was

eradicated there.

D. The spread of the indigenous measles virus in the Americas posed a serious danger there until 2002.

24. It’s possible that your computer crashed because of the excessive number of songs you saved on it.

A. The crash of your computer might have been caused by the fact that you saved too many songs on it.

B. It turned out that your computer crashed after you saved all those songs on it.

C. Your computer wouldn’t have crashed if you hadn’t saved so many songs on it.

D. You should have known that saving so many songs on your computer would cause it to crash.

25. If only Bruce and Suzy had told me that they hadn’t made reservations for their vacation yet.

A. Bruce and Suzy should have told me that they didn’t want to make reservations for their trip.

B. The only thing Bruce and Suzy told me was that they hadn’t made reservations anywhere yet.

C. Bruce and Suzy wouldn’t have had a holiday if they hadn’t told me that they hadn’t booked their trip.

D. I wish I had been informed by Bruce and Suzy that they still needed to book their holiday.

26. When she finally decided not to delay sewing it any longer, the dress only took her half an hour to

complete.

A. When she began sewing her dress, which she had been putting off, it took merely half an hour to finish it.

B. Even though she knew the dress wouldn’t take more than thirty minutes to sew, she put off doing it for

ages.

C. She has been delaying sewing her dress because she hasn’t had even half an hour of free time.

D. It was only when she realized that sewing the dress would take just half an hour that she decided to get on

with doing it.

27. Before the invention of the radio, it would take a long time for news sent from India to reach

someone in America.

A. Communication between the USA and India has always been difficult, but not any more, because of the

radio.

B. In the days before radio was available, there was no way to get news from India to America quickly.

C. It used to take ages for a person in the USA to receive information from India, but the invention of the

radio has changed this.

D. When the radio was invented, it became very easy for Americans to get news from their relatives living

in India.

28. There were some other factors, but the main reason Ted sold his house was to make a lot of

money.

A. Ted claims to have sold his house for the money, but I think there were some more important reasons as

well.

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B. Essentially Ted sold his house because he desired to earn a high profit, though there were additional

reasons.

C. The principal reason Ted doesn’t want to stay in his house is because he needs to make money quickly.

D. Owing to the fact that he didn’t really want to stay in his home any more and a few other reasons, Ted

sold his house for lots of money.

29. The estimated increase in population in the city will mean that there won’t be enough housing for

everyone.

A. The housing shortage the city is suffering is the result of the recent rise in population.

B. The city needs to set aside some housing in case a large number of people move into it in the near future.

C. Since we’ve had enough housing in the city so far, we won’t be short of accommodation in the future.

D. The city will be short of housing for all the people living there due to the anticipated rise in the number of

its inhabitants.

30. However much effort the gymnast put into her training, she could never be satisfied with herself.

A. The gymnast was never pleased with her own abilities, even though she worked extremely hard at

developing them.

B. The gymnast was not happy with the difficult way in which she had to push herself to practice harder.

C. In her head, the gymnast was constantly scolding herself for her lack of ability and for being the laziest

gymnast ever.

D. The gymnast was physically weak, so she decided to spend little time on trying to improve her skills any

further.

31. If you’re really in need of relaxation, nothing is better than a lengthy massage.

A. You’d like something like a relaxing massage to relieve all that stress, wouldn’t you?

B. You’d better have a lengthy massage soon if you don’t want to become all knotted up with stress.

C. I’ll book you an intensive massage at the spa if you’re feeling so tense.

D. A very long massage is the best thing for a severely stressed body and mind.

32. If you can’t do any better than that, I think you should just stop trying.

A. Though I think you’re better off just giving up, I still think you can do better than this.

B. If that’s the best that you can do, you ought to simply give up, in my opinion.

C. Unless you manage to greatly improve, you’ll have to stop attempting this and find something else to do.

D. I feel that you’ve chosen the wrong project, since you don’t appear to be getting any better at it.

33. Those running the conference check that all the guest speakers have arrived before they are due to

give their lecture.

A. Some people run about looking for the guest speakers at a conference just before they are due to give

their speeches.

B. Prior to the start of the conference, the people responsible for it check which guest speakers are due to

lecture.

C. Those conference participants attending the lectures must check with those in charge to find out when the

guest speakers are due at the lectures.

D. Before their scheduled lecture time, the people in charge of the conference confirm that no guest speaker

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34. Desperate Housewives is the last program on television I would want to watch.

A. Desperate Housewives will be the last program we watch on TV tonight.

B. There is no show on television like Desperate Housewives.

C. I would rather watch any other television program than Desperate Housewives.

D. No one can persuade me to watch Desperate Housewives when it’s on.

35. Sylvia wishes she could have seen Teotihuacán when she was on holiday in Mexico.

A. Sylvia could have gone to see Teotihuacán when she was vacationing in Mexico, but she didn’t want to.

B. Sylvia regrets not having been able to see Teotihuacán during her Mexican vacation.

C. During her stay in Mexico, Sylvia didn’t know that Teotihuacán was such a beautiful place and that she

should visit it.

D. Sylvia is happy that she was able to see Teotihuacán when she was in Mexico on holiday.

36. Only a few people who saw the director’s new film felt that it was as good as his last one had been.

A. The director’s new movie is worse than his previous one, according to most of the people who watched

it.

B. Many of those who saw the director’s new film wondered why it was so much worse than his previous

one.

C. If the director’s new film were as good as the last one that he made, more people would have gone to see

it.

D. Most of the director’s earlier films were quite good, so many people were surprised at how bad his new

one was.

37. You’ll have no hope of growing crops here unless you find a way to irrigate this land.

A. Because there is no way you can irrigate this land, you had better give up trying to grow crops on it.

B. Even if you find a method of watering this land, there is no hope that any crops will grow on it.

C. You’ll have to try growing crops elsewhere if you prove unable to irrigate this land here.

D. Without discovering how to water this land, there is no chance that you can grow crops here.

38. The thief appears to be perfectly open about his work, which has taken him around the world.

A. The thief, who operates all over the world, does not seem to conceal anything about what he does.

B. Although he tries hard to look honest, we know that he is a global thief.

C. Because he steals from all around the world, the thief is not completely honest when he speaks to anyone.

D. The thief seems to want to keep his career private, as he is wanted all over the world.

39. The Ministry of Culture has decided that the national library must be open to the public every day

except Sunday.

A. On Sunday, only some of the public will be able to access the national library, according to a recent

decision by the Ministry of Culture.

B. Public access to the national library on every day of the week, as well as Sunday, has been forbidden by

the Ministry of Culture.

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C. According to the Ministry of Culture, apart from Sunday, the public should be able to enter the national

library each day of the week.

D. The Ministry of Culture would like the national library to be open six days of the week, but not on

Sunday.

40. If the cow hadn’t kicked over the lantern in the barn, the fire wouldn’t have begun.

A. The barn was affected by the fire the most because another fire caused by the cow’s knocking over the

lantern started there.

B. The cow knocked over the barn’s lantern with its foot; otherwise, the blaze would not have started.

C. Frightened of the fire, the cow kicked over the lantern in the barn, which only made the fire worse.

D. The blaze may have started when the cow used its foot to knock over the lantern in the barn.

41. No matter how much money Mr. Marner had in the blank, he was unwilling to spend any of it.

A. There was so much money in Mr. Marner’s bank account that he had no idea what he should buy with it.

B. It was impossible for Mr. Marner to spend all of the money he had in the bank, since he had so much of

it.

C. Mr. Marner did not want to spend any of the money that he kept in the bank, though he had a lot there.

D. Mr. Marner did not keep a lot of money in the bank because he preferred to just spend most of it instead.

42. In order to take his mind off of the increasing job stress he was feeling, Ronald joined the local

gym.

A. Ronald started a membership at a nearby gym to give himself something to pull his attention away from

the growing pressure he was under at work.

B. Joining a gym was the best way for Ronald to get rid of the stress he was feeling because of his job.

C. Ronald, who was planning to join the local gym, could not find the time because of the increasing amount

of work in his workplace.

D. Ronald was feeling far too much stress from the increased amount of work he’d been given, so he

decided to join the nearby gym for a distraction.

43. The writer wasn’t in the habit of backing up her files, so when her computer went down, she lost

all of her work.

A. Unfortunately, the writer forgot to save her work before shutting down the computer, because she was

not in the habit of doing it.

B. When the writer’s computer stopped functioning, all of her work disappeared because she didn’t regularly

make copies of her files.

C. The writer wished that she had backed up her files, because she lost all of her work when her computer

stopped working.

D. After completing her work, the writer was unable to make back-up files of it due to a functioning

problem with her computer.

44. Lucia was sure that something strange had happened to her in her dream, but she couldn’t

remember what it was.

A. Lucia had happened on a strange event in her dream, yet she tried to forget all about it.

B. When Lucia began to recall her dream, she realized that it had been an unusual one.

C. Lucia thought that, in her dream, an odd event had occurred, but she was unable to remember whether it

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D. Lucia was unable to picture what had befallen her in her dream, but she was convinced that it had been

something odd.

45. Dr. Shyler was at his leisure to mark his students’ exams, so he read and marked them throughout

the holiday break.

A. Over the entire vacation, Dr. Shyler slowly read and graded his students’ exams because there was no

rush for him to mark them.

B. Dr. Shyler decided to mark his students’ exams over the holiday, as he didn’t want to rush doing them.

C. Having plenty of time through the holidays, Dr. Shyler marked his students’ exams first and then spent

time on more enjoyable activities.

D. During the holiday break, Dr. Shyler took time to grade his students’ exams, as he was in a hurry to finish

marking them.

46. Three sailors on board the ship died after it had sunk, and the others were left stranded in the

water.

A. Many of the crew who escaped the sinking ship ended up separated in the water, but only three of them

died.

B. After the ship had sunk, three people in the crew died in the water, but the rest were saved.

C. Except for the three seamen who had died, all of the crew were stuck in the water following the ship’s

sinking.

D. Though three sailors got trapped in the sinking ship and died, the rest managed to escape from it into the

water.

47. The basketball team was at a loss about how to play in the second quarter of the game, so they

started to argue with each other.

A. The disagreement within the basketball team came about because they were not sure which strategy to

use in the second quarter of the game.

B. Due to their poor position in the second quarter of the game, the members of the basketball team began to

quarrel with each other.

C. The basketball team were worried that they would perform worse in the game’s second quarter, and this

led to an argument among the players.

D. The argument among the basketball players was over how to overcome their losing position during the

second quarter of the game.

48. Non-native speakers of English usually have difficulty differentiating between British and

Australian accents.

A. Whenever non-native English speakers hear a British person speaking, they automatically assume that

that person was born in Australia.

B. Learning to tell the difference between British and Australian English accents is quite difficult for other

native speakers who were not born in either country.

C. If non-native English speakers hear a British accent and an Australian one, they generally have a hard

time telling the difference between them.

D. The accents of native British and Australian people sound so different to them that they find it hard to

believe that non-native speakers of English can’t differentiate between them.

49. While I sympathize with your problem, there is nothing I can do to help.

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A. Since I have no idea about your problem, I cannot be of any assistance.

B. I would like to help you sort out this problem, but I won’t.

C. Perhaps I can help you if you tell me more about your problem.

D. I can’t do anything for you, though I understand what you are going through.

50. In 1908, the Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton was on the point of reaching the South Pole when he

decided to turn back.

A. Ernest Shackleton, who was an Irish explorer, came close to the South Pole in 1908, but then he made up

his mind to go back.

B. The Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton couldn’t see the point of reaching the South Pole in 1908, so he

choose to go back.

C. In 1908, Ernest Shackleton, who was an explorer from Ireland, reached the South Pole just when he was

deciding to return.

D. At the point when the Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton thought about turning around, he was on his way

to the South Pole.

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1. It is possible that our boss’ indecision lost us the contract to rebuild the school.

A. Perhaps the boss was unable to decide whether to take the contract to rebuild the school or not.

B. Our boss’ hesitation in deciding may have caused us to be awarded the school rebuilding contract.

C. The manager was so indecisive that, not surprisingly, we were not given the contract to renovate the

school.

D. If our boss hadn’t been indecisive, we would certainly have been granted the school rebuilding

contract.

2. The sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti set up his workshop in his hometown of Florence, which was a

republic at the time.

A. There has been a republic in Florence since the time of the sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti, who built his

workshop there.

B. The sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti didn’t found a workshop in Florence, which was his place of birth,

until it had become a republic.

C. Florence, then a republic, was the place where the sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti was born and founded

his workshop.

D. The sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti made Florence, which was then a republic, his home, and created a

workshop there.

3. Buying new clothes is something that I almost never make the effort to do.

A. It’s such a bother to buy new clothes that I never do it.

B. I hardly ever bother purchasing new clothes.

C. Not having brought any new clothes doesn’t bother me.

D. Almost all my clothes are ole since I never buy any new ones.

4. We are currently out of stock of these blouses in your size.

A. We’re just run out of these blouses in the size you’ve asked for.

B. I’m afraid these blouses don’t come in your size.

C. I’ll just check our stock to see if we have these blouses in your size.

D. At the moment, we don’t have these blouses in the size required for you.

5. There is nobody in this office that will offer a different opinion to the one I gave you.

A. Whoever you ask in this office will say the same as I did.

B. Nobody but me in this office has offered you a different opinion.

C. Of all the people in this office, only I was able to give you an opinion.

D. None of the other people in this office will offer you an opinion as I did.

6. Laura has ruled out any meeting with Roger in the near future.

A. Laura has decided never to meet Roger again.

B. Laura says that coming together with Roger in presently out of the question.

C. A future meeting between Laura and Roger doesn’t seem very likely.

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D. In all probability, Laura will never get together with Roger again.

7. Monica is done with finding the solutions to the problems that affect her husband.

A. Monica doesn’t intend to solve her husband’s problems for him any more.

B. In the end, Monica found a way to sort out the troubles that her husband had.

C. Monica’s husband doesn’t want her to get involved in his troubles from now on.

D. Monica has always worked out solutions to get rid of her husband’s problems.

8. Francis ought to have made more effort to locate his brother.

A. It is necessary for Francis to try harder if he wants to locate his brother.

B. Francis must have worked hard in order to locate his brother.

C. Francis didn’t try as hard as he should have to find his brother.

D. Francis has to make the effort himself if he wishes to find his brother.

9. Jorge can’t understand why he doesn’t have to wear a tie to work.

A. Jorge is unable to decide whether or not it’s necessary for him to wear a tie at work.

B. Jorge doesn’t seem to know that he needn’t wear a tie at his place of employment.

C. It seems as though Jorge can’t decide whether he should wear a tie on the job or not.

D. The reason why ties are optional at Jorge’s workplace is something he is unable to understand.

10. When the temples of the ancient Aegean were set up, they were covered in paint, but it has since

worn off.

A. The ancient Aegean people protected their temples by painting them, but the paint has now

vanished.

B. The temples in the Aegean region were painted all over when they were put up, but people have

wiped off the paint since then.

C. The paint which was put all over the old Aegean temples when they were built slowly disappeared

over time.

D. The temples of the ancient Aegean, which were painted when they were built, have fallen into ruin.

11. Marie’s flat was broken into while she was looking after her sister’s daughter in her sister’s house

on the other side of the city.

A. At the time that Marie was talking care of her sister’s daughter in her sister’s house, her own flat

was destroyed on the city’s other side.

B. Marie was in her sister’s house keeping an eye on her niece when her flat on the opposite side of the

city was burgled.

C. Marie had wanted to see her niece, so she was at her house at the other end of the city; however,

while she was there, her own flat was robbed.

D. Some thieves tried to enter Marie’s flat on one side of the city while she was babysitting in her

sister’s house on the other side.

12. Mary was so thrilled with the recent decrease in the cost of electronic items that she bought a new

CD player.

A. Soon after Mary had excitedly bought herself a new CD player, the price of electronic items fell.

B. It was very thrilling for Mary to be able to buy her first CD player after so many years of high prices

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C. Mary, who had just purchased a new CD player at a low price, was so thrilled that she got a few

other electronic items as well.

D. Mary purchased a new CD player due to the fact that the drop in electronic goods’ price excited her

very much.

13. I’ve got no idea what the directions to this assignment mean; have you?

A. You seem certain about the meaning of the assignment’s directions, but I can’t figure them out of at

all.

B. You don’t have any idea what the directions to this assignment actually mean, do you?

C. I wonder if you can figure out this assignment’s instructions, because I certainly can’t.

D. I don’t thinks that this assignment’s instructions are very clear; do you?

14. I haven’t seen either James or his sister for a very long time now.

A. It has been an awful long time since I saw either James or his sister.

B. I know I’ve met James, but I don’t think I’ve met his sister before.

C. Neither James nor his sister has been seen by anyone for ages.

D. I’ve met both James and his sister before, but it was a long time ago.

15. Carol would rather have milk in her coffee than drink it black.

A. Carol never takes her coffee black if milk is available.

B. Carol would have preferred to drink her coffee with milk than without.

C. Only when no milk is around will Carol drink her coffee black.

D. Carol doesn’t want her coffee back, but with milk.

16. As we were heading out of the door of the cafe, we bumped into our plumber, who we still owed

money to.

A. Our plumber, whom we hadn’t paid back yet, was the person who we encountered by chance at the

moment we were exiting the cafe.

B. When we met our plumber in the cafe as we were about to leave, we realized that we hadn’t yet paid

him all the money we owed him.

C. Our plumber, when we ran into him as he was entering the cafe that we were leaving, didn’t bring up

our debt to him.

D. Not wanting to see the plumber to whom we still owed a debt, we quickly headed out the door of the

cafe when we saw him coming in.

17. By the time the course had finished, most of the students had understood the material.

A. The course didn’t finish until most of the students had understood the material very well.

B. Most of the students had started to understand the material long before the course ended.

C. Only a few of the students couldn’t understand the material when the course had come to an end.

D. During the course, most of the material was clearly understood by the students.

18. Just as he was opening the window, he heard a loud crash behind him.

A. As soon as he had opened the window, there was a loud crash.

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B. He was opening the window; at that exact moment, he heard a loud crash behind his back.

C. After he had heard the loud crash, he rushed to open the window.

D. The loud crash caused the window’s glass to break as he was trying to open it.

19. The rain had already started when I left the house.

A. As soon as I left home it began to rain.

B. Just as I was leaving the house it began to rain heavily.

C. It didn’t start to rain heavily until I left the house.

D. It was raining even before I left the house.

20. At last, an agreement has been reached by the committee members on the proposal to build a new

dam.

A. The members of the committee have finally agreed about the new dam proposal.

B. In order that an agreement concerning the dam can be reached, it has been proposed that the

committee should come together immediately.

C. The members of the committee for the new dam proposal have been selected at last.

D. Having reached an agreement about the dam at the last meeting, the committee members now have a

new proposal.

21. Just about everybody who was asked had a different explanation for the strange smell in the park.

A. There was nobody who thought the park smelled the way it usually did.

B. Few people gave an opinion, but those who did said that they thought the park had an unfamiliar

smell about it.

C. Quite a few people told us that they thought the park smelt rather strangely to them.

D. A different reason was given as to the source of the unusual odour in the park by virtually all of

those questioned.

22. It seems to me that we’ve taken the wrong train

A. The train turned out to be not the one we were supposed to have taken.

B. I have a feeling that this train is not the one we should be on.

C. I wish we had been more careful and taken the right train from the station.

D. There is not chance that we’ll catch the train that we are supposed to.

23. We’ve not yet decided whether to go to a restaurant in Taksim for our anniversary celebration or

not.

A. The restaurant in Taksim hasn’t yet confirmed whether we can have our anniversary celebration

there or not.

B. We are not sure if we will be able to celebrate our anniversary in that restaurant in Taksim.

C. We are still discussing whether or not to celebrate our anniversary at a restaurant in Taksim.

D. We are almost certain that we will go to Taksim and celebrate our anniversary in a restaurant there.

24. The romance – loving waitress wished she could have been a character in a Jane Austen novel.

A. Unable to find romance in her real life, the waitress dreamed of being a character in a Jane Austen

novel.

B. The waitress who loved love stories dreamed of appearing in a novel by Jane Austen. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 7

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C. The romance of working in a restaurant in Jane Austen’s day was what the waitress desired.

D. The waitress was dreaming of a character from a Jane Austen novel while she was working.

25. I’m sure you meant to pay me back my money, and it probably just slipped your mind.

A. I know I made a mistake when I loaned you money thinking that you would repay me.

B. It seems to me that it was never really your intention to pay me back, was it?

C. You said that you would pay me back, but I don’t know whether you meant it or not.

D. You undoubtedly intended to return my money, but I’m sure you just forgot about it.

26. For a uniquely American sporting event, nothing compares with American football’s Super Bowl.

A. American football’s Super Bowl is the greatest sporting event in the world.

B. American football’s Super Bowl is the most important annual event in the United States.

C. There is no more completely American sporting event than American football’ Super Bowl.

D. There is nothing in the world comparable with American football’s Super Bowl.

27. In the aftermath of the tsunami disaster, entire coastal regions of Sri Lanka lay devastated.

A. Whole coastal areas of Sri Lanka were made desolate by the disaster of the tsunami.

B. Since the tsunami disaster hit Sri Lanka, some of its coastal areas have been unable to recover.

C. The tsunami disaster left all of Sri Lanka, especially its coastal regions, with severe damage.

D. Due to their proximity to the coast, many parts of Sri Lanka were nearly destroyed by the tsunami

disaster.

28. Technology improved rapidly during World War II and played a crucial role in determining how

the car came to an end.

A. It was necessary to develop new technologies during World War II, or else the war would have been

worse.

B. If technology hadn’t improved so quickly during World War II, it would have lasted longer than it

did.

C. World War II ended in the way it did largely due to the rapid technological developments in the

course of it.

D. The role of technological development in bringing a swift end to World War II is undeniable.

29. Although the doctor had recommended several treatments, Carol was still unsure which one to

choose.

A. The doctor had recommended many different treatments, but Carol didn’t like any of them.

B. Carol didn’t know which treatment she should select from among the options her doctor had given

her.

C. Choosing the best available treatment for Carol’s illness was a difficult choice for her doctor to

make.

D. Though several treatments were suggested by Carol’s doctor, she couldn’t understand how any of

them would help.

30. People with sleeping difficulties tend to be more worried and unhappy than others.

A. The best way to try and cure sleeplessness is to get rid of one’s worries and depression.

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B. Some people’s unhappy moods lead them to worry a lot and suffer many sleepless nights.

C. Anyone who is either worried or sad is bound to have difficulty in falling asleep.

D. Compared to other people, those with trouble sleeping are often more anxious and less happy.

31. The people in Will’s class were very jealous of the jacket he’d just got.

A. Will’s new jacket caused a lot of envy among his classmate.

B. Not everyone in class was pleased when Will got a new jacket.

C. Will’s classmates wondered where he’d bought his new jacket.

D. No one among Will’s classmates liked the jacket he’d recently got.

32. Whichever line I stand in at the supermarket always takes the longest.

A. It always takes a long time for me to get through the line at the supermarket.

B. I like to stand in the longest line whenever I go to the supermarket.

C. It’s always the case that the supermarket line I choose takes longer than all the others.

D. The longer the line at the supermarket, the longer it takes to get through it.

33. Had the pilot known that the electrical system had been having problems, he would not have let

the plane leave the ground.

A. The pilot would have refused to allow the plane to take off if he had been aware of the trouble with

its electrical system.

B. Once he had been informed of the problem with the plane’s electrical system, the pilot had to decide

whether or not to risk taking off.

C. The pilot knew as soon as he had taken off that the problem with the plane’s electrical system was

going to cause trouble.

D. Since he hadn’t been told about the previous problems with the electrical system on the plane, the

pilot didn’t know the danger of talking off.

34. As soon as his father let go of the bicycle, Ron lost his balance and fell.

A. Ron lost his balance and fell, knocking over his father, who had just stopped holding onto the

bicycle.

B. Ron had begun to lose his balance, so his father stopped holding onto the bicycle and just let him

fall.

C. Ron lost his balance and fell down before his father had even had a chance to release the bicycle.

D. Losing his balance, Ron fell down at the exact moment that his father stopped holding onto the

bicycle.

35. Max ignored the sign and decided to park his car in front of the hospital.

A. Max was unaware of the sign that wouldn’t let him park in front of the hospital, so he decided to

park there.

B. Disregarding the sign that forbade people to park there, Max chose to leave his car in front of the

hospital.

C. Even if Max had noticed the sign for it, he would still have parked his car at the entrance to the

hospital.

D. Because there was no sign that prevented him, Max parked his car in the space just in front of the

hospital. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 7

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36. It was nearly dawn when we arrived at the beach, yet it was still full of people.

A. When we got to the beach, where there were many people, the sun had just risen.

B. The sun was just beginning to rise when we arrived at the beach with a large group of friends.

C. The beach was extremely crowded, in spite of our getting there just before the sun had risen.

D. As soon as we arrived at the beach, the sun rose, and so we saw that the beach was, in fact, very

crowded.

37. Philip had never thought about going abroad until he was offered a job in South Korea.

A. There was a job in South Korea that was offered to Philip, but he didn’t even think about going to a

foreign country.

B. Up until the time Philip managed to find a job in South Korea, he was against the idea of leaving his

country for work.

C. Philip went overseas for the first time when he accepted a job in South Korea.

D. Philip first considered travelling to a foreign country when an employer in South Korea asked him

to work there.

38. This book can’t be made into a good movie no matter who directs it.

A. Without a talented director, a good movie cannot be produced from this book.

B. Unless there is a decent director for it, the film version of this book will be a disaster.

C. Regardless of the director, if this book is turned into a film, it will not turn out well.

D. It doesn’t matter who the director of the movie version of this book is.

39. From what I’ve seen of Daphne’s taste in art, I’m sure she will be delighted with this picture.

A. Daphne should like this picture, judging from what I know about her artistic taste.

B. This picture will possibly please Daphne, though I only know a little of her artistic taste.

C. I don’t know what kind of artistic taste Daphne has, but I’m sure she will love this picture.

D. I’m certain that Daphne will like this picture, because I’ve noticed that she has got good artistic

taste.

40. There are people who, without much direct knowledge of the sea, take their boats out in bad

weather.

A. A number of boats can be used in stormy weather even if the people in charge of them are not

experienced.

B. Even though they have little maritime experience, some people use their boats in stormy conditions.

C. Many inexperienced sailors take their boats out, and then get caught in bad weather.

D. Those people who have little sea experience shouldn’t use their boats if the weather is not good.

41. Something in the way he was behaving made Julia wonder if Denny was ill.

A. Denny was always doing something to make Julia ask him if he was ill.

B. Denny was such a weird man that Julia thought something was wrong with him.

C. Julia didn’t think Denny was feeling well, so she asked him what was wrong.

D. Julia thought that Denny might be ill because he was acting strangely.

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42. Kay was determined to get to the summit of the mountain and back before sunset.

A. Kay knew that she would have to be back before sunset after she’d reached the summit.

B. Kay was firm in her desire to reach the mountain peak and returning before the sun went down.

C. Climbing to the top of the mountain before dark was Kay’s goal for the day.

D. Kay could easily reach the top of the mountain and get back before the sun went down.

43. Pearl wouldn’t have won the competition if she hadn’t practiced on her cello for so many hours

everyday.

A. Hoping to be the best cellist in the competition, Pearl couldn’t stop herself from practicing long

hours every day.

B. Pearl practiced her cello non-stop each day in order to win the competition.

C. If Pearl had spent more time practicing her cello, she might have won the competition.

D. Only because she had spent a great deal of time each day playing her cello was Pearl able to win the

competition.

44. Apart from the Fords, all of the other families have moved to the oceanfront, which is a safer area.

A. Unlike the rest of the families, who moved to the oceanfront, where it’s more secure, the Fords have

chosen to stay in their home.

B. The Fords were the only family who refused to leave their home, since they didn’t think the

oceanfront was safe.

C. Though the oceanfront is a safer place to live, the Fords refused to leave their family home when

their neighbours suggested it.

D. Their neighbours were unable to persuade the Fords that the oceanfront would be more secure than

their home.

45. Getting to the island of Bali from the city of Surabaya is much simpler than some people imagine

it to be.

A. Travelling between the city of Surabaya and the island of Bali is easy, regardless of which place you

start your journey.

B. It’s not nearly as difficult to make the trip between the city of Surabaya and the island of Bali as

some people think.

C. Getting from Bali to the city of Surabaya may on occasions be difficult, but sometimes it is quite

easy.

D. Not all people who are about to travel from the city of Surabaya to the island of Bali imagine it to be

so difficult.

46. Before opening the gift from her sister, Maria shook the box to help her guess at what was inside

it.

A. Maria discovered what the box her sister gave her contained after she had shaken it.

B. Because she was unable to detect the contents of the box from her sister by shaking it, Maria quickly

opened her gift.

C. After Maria had guessed at what her sister had probably given her, she shook the box and opened it.

D. Maria opened her sister’s gift to her only after shaking the box so that she could try to determine its

contents.

47. The more people turn up for the show, the more money we will make. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 7

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A. So many people came to the show that we made quite a lot of money.

B. How much profit we’ll make depends on how many people come to the show.

C. The show will only make a profit if we manage to sell all the tickets.

D. If few people come to the show, we have to find another way to make money.

48. New research has revealed that regular use of low-dose aspirin can benefit women more than it

does men.

A. A new study is being carried out on both men and women to see if regular use of aspirin benefits

both genders equally.

B. A new study has shown that taking a small amount of aspirin regularly is good for women, but it has

little effect on men.

C. The aim of the new study was to show how much men and women benefit from a regular use of

low-dose aspirin.

D. According to a recent study, taking a small amount of aspirin regularly is good for both genders, but

it is more beneficial for women.

49. More people are using public transport to get to work than the system can accommodate.

A. The public transport system has too many people using it to get to work.

B. Public transport offers many advantages for the people trying to get to work.

C. The public transport system will soon be able to handle more commuters.

D. As so many people use public transport, the system no longer works.

50. The pigeons of Trafalgar Square used to be fed by tourists who went there, but not anymore.

A. Feeding the pigeons in Trafalgar Square has always been performed by the tourists visiting the

place.

B. The tourists who visit Trafalgar Square are no longer feeding the pigeons there, as they did in the

past.

C. Tourists don’t go to Trafalgar Square anymore because they are no longer allowed to feed the

pigeons there.

D. It has been a long time now since the tourists last fed the pigeons in Trafalgar Square.

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1. Onur hasn’t read any novels since he graduated from university.

A. While Onur was attending university, he read lots of novels.

B. The last time Onur read a novel was when he was a university student.

C. Since Onur read a lot of novels at university, he doesn’t do so any more.

D. Ever since Onur finished university, he has read few novels.

2. Everyone in the audience enjoyed the play, except for Scott.

A. Nobody in the theatre other than Scott had a very good time at the play.

B. The play was so entertaining that even Scott enjoyed himself.

C. Scott was the only person among the people at the play who disliked it.

D. Scott did not have a good time at the theatre, but most of the others did.

3. Linda regrets having worked during her holiday, because now she’s extremely tired.

A. Unfortunately, Linda chose to work over her last holiday rather than rest, which is what she actually

needed.

B. Linda is very tired due to the fact that she worked over the last holiday, and now she feels that she

made a mistake.

C. Linda wishes she could go on holiday soon, since she’s feeling so tired nowadays.

D. Linda had to work hard throughout her last holiday, so she came back to work not relaxed at all.

4. They couldn’t have fed so many people at the soup kitchen without the food donations from both

individual citizens and local businesses.

A. The soup kitchen managed to cook plenty of food without having any contributions from either local

shops or residents.

B. The soup kitchen could have served many more people if they had received some donations from a

private business or some local individuals.

C. The food donated by local businesses and residents was what allowed them to feed such a large

number of people at the soup kitchen.

D. Both the business community and local residents were willing to donate food to the soup kitchen

they were organizing.

5. Both Wat Phrae Kaew and Wat Arun in Bangkok are lovely temples worth visiting; moreover, the

first contains the Emerald Buddha.

A. In Bangkok, Wat Phrae Kaew, with the Emerald Buddha, is a pretty temple that deserves a visit;

another is Wat Arun.

B. There are only two temples in Bangkok - Wat Phrae Kaew, contaning the Emerald Buddha, and Wat

Arun – that deserve to be visited.

C. If you’d like to see a lovely temple in Bangkok, without a doubt you ought to visit either Wat Phrae

Kaew, home to the Emerald Buddha, or Wat Arun.

D. After visiting Wat Phrae Kaew, where the Emerald Buddha is, you must have a look at Wat Arun in

Bangkok.

6. In Britain during the 1700s, pick pocketing was punishable by death, but ironically, public

hangings became prime targets for pickpockets. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 7

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A. Pickpockets in Britain in the 18th century would focus on public hangings and, ironically, end up

being executed themselves for this crime.

B. Frequently, public hangings for pick pocketing in Britain were used by other pickpockets as a cover

for their activities.

C. British pickpockets of the 18th century used to be executed if they were caught stealing from people

attending public hangings.

D. Although pick pocketing carried the death penalty in 18th-century Britain, ironically, public

hangings provided great opportunities for pickpockets.

7. When Rene Descartes moved to Sweden, he felt weighed down by the climate there, and, not long

after, he passed away.

A. Sweden was the country which Rene Descartes went to in order to measure the climate, and it was

also where he lost his life.

B. Rene Descartes died in Sweden, to which he had recently moved and where he was disturbed by the

weather conditions.

C. Rene Descartes started a new career for himself in Sweden, but he didn’t stay in the country for

much time because the climate was depressing.

D. The climatic pressure in Sweden, where Rene Descartes went to, was heavier than he was used to,

and that is why he couldn’t stay there.

8. Ann regretted not having planted a garden this year, so she felt bad when buying vegetables at the

supermarket.

A. Feeling sorry that she hadn’t planted a garden this year, Ann did not feel good about purchasing

vegetables from the supermarket.

B. The garden that Ann had not planted, which she regretted not doing, would have produced better

vegetables than the ones she got at the supermarket.

C. If Ann had planted a garden this year, she wouldn’t have had to buy her vegetables from the

supermarket.

D. When she realized that the vegetables at the supermarket were so bad, Ann decided to grow her own

from then on.

9. The moment Justin checked the time on his watch, its alarm began to go off.

A. If Justin had not looked to see the time on his watch, its alarm may not have started.

B. The alarm on Justin’s watch went off, causing him to check what the time was.

C. Justin looked at his watch to see what time it was, and the alarm on it began at just that time.

D. When his alarm went off, Justin looked at his watch, as he wondered what time it had been set for.

10. Parts of the city of New Orleans were completely destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005.

A. Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in August 2005, utterly destroyed a majority of the city

of New Orleans.

B. Nothing is left of most of the city of New Orleans due to August 2005’s Hurricane Katrina.

C. The severe damage caused by August 2005’s Hurricane Katrina was unexpected in parts of the city

of New Orleans.

D. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina damaged some parts of the city of New Orleans beyond repair.

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11. Bluefin tuna are being caught in such large numbers due to the demand for sushi that they are

starting to disappear from the seas.

A. The demand for sushi has meant that bluefin tuna are beginning to vanish from the seas as a result of

them being caught in large numbers.

B. Lots of people are catching bluefin tuna because of the demand for sushi, so it has now become an

officially endangered species.

C. There are no longer enough bluefin tuna left in the seas to meet the incredible demand for sushi.

D. There are no bluefin tuna left in some seas due to the large numbers that have been caught to meet

the demand for sushi.

12. David looked really surprised when he was awarded first prize for his painting.

A. No one expected that David’s painting would be the one to come in first place.

B. David tried hard to look surprised when it was learned that his painting had come in first place.

C. Everyone was very shocked when it was revealed that David’s painting had won first prize.

D. Once he knew that his painting had come in first, David appeared to be quite shocked.

13. By the time Stella became certain what the answer was, she had already pressed the button for B.

A. Stella had pressed the B button before she was completely sure of the correct answer.

B. Stella pushed the button for the answer B as soon as she had no doubts that it was the right one.

C. Stella pressed the B button, which was the correct answer, even though she wasn’t certain whether it

was right.

D. Until Stella was completely positive that the answer was B, she didn’t want to press the button for it.

14. Oliver needn’t have gone outside to use the payphone because he could have made a call for free

from the one in the office.

A. Oliver did not make his call on the payphone outside, as he was able to make it for no money from

the one in the office.

B. As it wouldn’t have cost Oliver anything to ring somebody up from the office, his use of the

payphone outside was unnecessary.

C. Had Oliver been allowed to make a call without paying for it from the office phone, he wouldn’t

have had to go outside and use the payphone.

D. I wish Oliver hadn’t gone to use the payphone outside, since there is phone in the office that he

could have used without paying.

15. Barely had the boat passed out of the harbour than it was stuck by an enormous wave.

A. By the time the boat departed from the harbour, it had already been hit by a huge wave.

B. The very large wave which smashed into the boat passed right in front of the harbour.

C. Almost immediately after the boat had left the harbour, a very large wave crashed into it.

D. A huge wave collided with the boat just before it was able to exit the harbour.

16. Even if Paul pleads with me to help him with his homework, there is no way I’m going to.

A. Despite his begging me, I can’t see any way that I can help Paul with his homework.

B. Paul is not going to get any assistance from me on his homework even if he begs.

C. Should Paul appeal to me to help him with his homework, I may or may not be able to do so.

D. I will only assist Paul with his homework if he begs me to. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 7

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17. A couple from Nevada who won $5,000 on the lottery bought another ticket from their winnings

and won $15 million.

A. The lottery ticket that won a Nevada couple $15 million was paid for out of the $5,000 which they

had won in an earlier lottery.

B. A couple from Nevada were not only awarded $5,000 from one lottery ticket, but they also won $15

million on another.

C. A Nevada couple finally won $15 million from the lottery after they had spent $5,000 on lottery

tickets.

D. A couple from Nevada spent their whole $5,000 winnings from one lottery on another ticket, which

won $15 million for them.

18. Until the new ones arrive, there won’t be enough textbooks for you to have one each.

A. You’ll have to share the textbooks unless some new ones are delivered.

B. None of you are going to have a textbook till the new ones are finally delivered.

C. Once the new textbooks have come, there will be enough to give each of you more than one if you

like.

D. There are currently more of you than there are textbooks, but that will change when the new ones

come.

19. By the time that the interviewer finally turns up, I will have been nervously waiting for about an

hour.

A. The interviewer is not going to be here for at least another hour, so my nervous wait will continue.

B. It is going to be just over an hour before the interviewer arrives, so this wait is going to be an

anxious one.

C. I’ll have passed about one anxious hour waiting when the interviewer arrives at last.

D. It seems that I’ll have to wait for more than an hour before the interviewer finally comes.

20. Ann wishes her French class focused more on poetry and less on novels.

A. Ann’s French class places most of its emphasis on poetry, and little on novels, which pleases her.

B. Ann wonders how much time her French class will spend on poetry and how much on novels.

C. Novels interest Ann less than poetry, so she didn’t like it when they spent no time on the latter in her

French class.

D. Ann would be happier if more time in her French class was devoted to poetry than to novels.

21. Whenever you come to a door with a red circle on it, you’ll need to use your special card to open it.

A. If you see a door which is marked with a red circle, try your special card, as that may open it.

B. The special card will only unlock those doors which have red circles on them.

C. The doors that are marked with a red circle will remain closed unless you use your special card on

them.

D. The doors with red circles on them are only to be used by the people who have special cards.

22. Conn Iggulden was the first author to have books at the top of the British fiction and non-fiction

charts at the same time.

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A. The first two books by writer Conn Iggulden went to the number one position in Britain on both the

fiction and the non-fiction charts.

B. Until Conn Iggulden, nobody had simultaneously been the bestselling author of fiction and non-

fiction on the British charts.

C. The British author Conn Iggulden published his best piece of fiction and his best piece of non-fiction

at the same time.

D. No writer of fiction or non-fiction has ever been as popular in Britain as Conn Iggulden once was.

23. For fear that he would miss his flight to Sao Paulo, Bill got to the airport at five o’clock.

A. Bill’s plane to Sao Paulo was due to leave at 5 o’clock, but he was so afraid of missing it that he got

to the airport a long time before that.

B. Bill wouldn’t have been able to get on the plane for Sao Paulo had he not turned up at the airport at

5 o’clock.

C. Bill arrived at the airport at 5 o’clock because he was worried that he might be too late for his flight

to Sao Paulo otherwise.

D. Bill was afraid that he would miss his flight to Sao Paulo, because he wouldn’t be able to arrive at

the airport till 5 o’clock.

24. We would have enough money to buy a dishwasher now if we had saved more of our salaries last

year.

A. The reason we can’t afford a dishwasher at the moment is that, last year, we didn’t save enough of

our pay.

B. We would only have enough money to get a dishwasher had we put aside all of last year’s income.

C. As we spent nearly all of our money last year, we are now unable to buy a dishwasher.

D. I wish we had saved up our salaries last year and bought ourselves a dishwasher.

25. Climate change is as great a threat to humankind as nuclear war, according to global security

experts.

A. It is said by global security experts that it is climate change, and not nuclear devastation, that

endangers humankind the most.

B. Human beings will be killed off either by nuclear war or by climate change, or so say global security

experts.

C. In the opinion of global security experts, global warming is more of a danger to humanity than

nuclear war.

D. Global security experts claim that nuclear war and climate change both endanger human beings

equally.

26. Whether or not the problems with my computer turn out alright, it still needs to be checked by an

expert.

A. My computer may stop having problems, but still, a specialist has to have a look at it.

B. If my computer doesn’t fix itself soon, I may need to have it looked at by a specialist.

C. Even if an expert checks the problems on my computer, it might not turn out okay in the end.

D. Once my computer has been looked at by a professional, I should be able to find out what its

problems are.

27. The nuclear test conducted by North Korea in October 2006 was smaller than many had expected. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 8

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A. In October 2006, North Korea performed a nuclear test to see whether people would have a big

reaction.

B. A lot of people had thought the nuclear test that North Korea did in October 2006 would be larger.

C. North Korea performed a small nuclear test in October 2006, but a lot of people think they will do a

larger one soon.

D. Because the nuclear test done by North Korea in October 2006 was so small, lots of people didn’t

notice it.

28. We won’t make it to the concert in time unless we cut through the park to avoid all the rush hour

traffic.

A. If we can’t get past all this traffic that is around the park, we’ll never arrive in time for the beginning

of the concert.

B. If only we had gone through the park to get to the concert, we wouldn’t have spent so much time in

the rush hour traffic.

C. The only way to escape all this rush hour traffic and arrive at the concert before it starts is to go

through the park.

D. Due to all this rush hour traffic, we’ll probably be late for the concert, because we can’t even get to

the park.

29. In spite of the fact that I didn’t leave home as early as I usually do, I arrived at school on time.

A. Though I left home very early that day, I barely got to school in time for class.

B. I didn’t get to school late, even though I left home later than usual.

C. Not only did I leave home later than normal, but I also got to school late.

D. Even if I had left home a bit later, I still would have arrived at school on time.

30. Hardly anyone at the concert was satisfied with the performance of the singer.

A. Nearly all of the concert audience thought the singer’s performance was unsatisfying.

B. Many people thought they would have a lovely time listening to their favourite singer’s concert.

C. Except for a few people, the audience at the concert left satisfied with the singer’s performance.

D. A large number of people thought the concert was unsatisfying, despite the singer’s decent

performance.

31. Everything Bert did was being mimicked by the whole class.

A. Because he could copy whatever anyone else did, Bert was seen as the best mimic in the class.

B. All the students in the class failed to do exactly what Bert was doing.

C. No one in class liked Bert, so they made fun of everything he was doing.

D. Everyone else in class was imitating each thing that was done by Bert.

32. Although Elise stayed in Britain, she couldn’t improve her English, as most of her friends there

spoke French.

A. If Elise had made fewer French friends during her stay in Britain, her English could have improved

a lot.

B. It was wrong of Elise to speak French most of the time while she was staying in Britain.

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C. With the majority of her friends in Britain speaking French, Elise didn’t use her English, thus

hindering her progress in the language.

D. In Britain, Elise lived in an area where many people spoke French, and this didn’t help her improve

her English very much.

33. Pictorial health warnings on cigarette packets are more likely to encourage smokers to quit.

A. The advantage of picture warnings on cigarette packs is that they reach even smokers who cannot

read.

B. Putting warnings in the form of pictures on packs of cigarettes may better motivate people to stop

smoking.

C. Of all the ways to deter people from smoking, putting pictures on packs of cigarettes is the most

effective.

D. Those smokers who look at the pictures on their packets of cigarettes generally want to quit.

34. In most developed nations, rules and regulations govern what can be asked in job interviews.

A. The questions allowed to be asked during job interviews are usually determined by law in the

majority of developed countries.

B. In lots of developed countries, laws about what can be asked in job interviews should soon become

established.

C. Job interviews in most developed countries are similar in that the same sorts of questions tend to be

asked.

D. In most developed countries, before applying for a job interview, you need to follow certain rules

and regulations.

35. With a growth rate of nearly 10% this year, India is said to be richer now than ever before.

A. It is thought that India’s 10% growth rate is the highest the country has had so far.

B. India is said to have economically improved recently, partly thanks to a yearly growth rate of almost

10%.

C. As long as India’s 10% growth rate continues, the country should soon become richer than it has

ever been.

D. It is said that, before the present growth rate of around 10%, India had never been so wealthy.

36. There have been recent studies that have linked poor dental care to a variety of other health

conditions.

A. Recently, a study has revealed that most health problems are closely related to decaying teeth.

B. Research is being carried out to see if several serious health conditions result from neglect of one’s

teeth.

C. Recent studies have found a connection between neglected teeth and different types of heath

problems.

D. Recent studies make it clear that brushing one’s teeth regularly is the key to preventing many other

diseases.

37. I seriously doubt the opposition party will win the elections, yet it is not impossible.

A. I can’t think of any party other than the opposition party which has a chance to win the elections.

B. Though there’s a possibility of them winning, I feel it’s highly likely that the opposition party will

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C. The opposition party’s chances are so low that they may as well choose not to participate in the

elections.

D. I hope the opposition party gets elected, but it doesn’t seem very likely.

38. After he’d written the lyrics to the song, it became easier for James to write the music for it.

A. James didn’t find it difficult to write the music for the song once he had finished writing its words.

B. James started composing the song’s music before he had even completely finished writing its words.

C. James had little trouble doing the music for the song, but he found its lyrics to be very difficult to

write.

D. Composing the music for the song made it a good deal easier for James to write the lyrics to it.

39. If the doctor hadn’t heard her pager go off, the patient who was waiting for her would probably

have died.

A. The doctor looked at her pager when it sounded and realized that the patient waiting for her was

probably dying.

B. It’s likely that the patient awaiting the doctor wouldn’t have survived had the doctor not heard the

sound of her pager.

C. Had the doctor waited any longer to respond to the sound of her pager, the patient awaiting her

might not have lived.

D. As soon as her pager had gone off, the doctor rushed to see if she would be able to prevent the

awaiting patient from dying.

40. The helium that had been used to fill up all the balloons for the party was now finished.

A. Now that the party was finished, there was no more helium to fill up the rest of the balloons.

B. The last balloons could now be filled with helium, as the party was over and there was still a bit of

helium left.

C. We doubted we would have enough helium for all the balloons at the party, so we had to put it in

them carefully.

D. There was no more helium left, since it had all been put into each of the balloons to be used at the

party.

41. So tired was Ron after the race that he just lay in bed for the rest of the afternoon.

A. Following the race, Ron was tired enough to do nothing for the remainder of the afternoon but lie in

bed.

B. Since the race had been in the afternoon, Ron felt so tired after it that he didn’t get out of bed till

nighttime.

C. Ron was tired of racing, so, on the day of the race, he just stayed in bed all afternoon.

D. It wasn’t lying in bed all day that had tired Ron out; it was the race that had been held in the

afternoon.

42. The moment Ed gets his pay, he tends to spend half of it on clothes.

A. If Ed spent less than half of his pay on clothes, he would be able to save more money.

B. As long as Ed gets his salary on time, he’ll be able to buy most of the clothes that he needs.

C. Ed has a habit of spending half his salary on clothes as soon as he receives it.

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D. It seems as if half of the pay Ed will receive this month will have to be spent on clothes.

43. Though there wasn’t enough food for everyone at the party, there was plenty to drink.

A. By the time everyone at the party had started to drink, the food had already run out.

B. While everyone at the party had a more than sufficient amount of drink, they did not have sufficient

food.

C. Not everyone at the party had had something to eat before the drinks were brought out.

D. Because there was so little food at the party, everyone had to satisfy themselves with drinks.

44. When I visited the office, Jon wasn’t there, so I guess he didn’t leave as late as he normally does.

A. It was too early for Jon to leave the office, because he knew that I was going to stop by and see him

as usual.

B. Having left early, I went to Jon’s office in order to see him, but he wasn’t there.

C. It seems as if Jon left the office earlier than usual, as he wasn’t there when I stopped in.

D. I wonder if Jon’ll be in his office when I visit, or if he’ll have left at an earlier time than normal.

45. If Scott had bought the better wallpaper, it wouldn’t have come off.

A. As soon as the wallpaper had come off, Scott went out to get the better kind.

B. When the wallpaper came off, Scott realized he should have got the superior kind.

C. Scott wouldn’t have bought such bad wallpaper if he’d known that it would come off.

D. The reason the wallpaper came off was because Scott didn’t get the superior kind.

46. The pool had just finished being cleaned by the company when the neighbours arrived for a swim.

A. The neighbours came to the house to go swimming in the pool as soon as the company had cleaned

it.

B. While the cleaning company was doing its job on the swimming pool, the neighbours were waiting

for them to finish.

C. The cleaning company worked so fast that the neighbours didn’t have to wait long before they could

come over and swim in the pool.

D. We asked the neighbours not to go swimming in the pool until the company had finished cleaning it.

47. Unless this bridge gets reinforced with more steel supports, trucks won’t be allowed to use it

anymore.

A. This bridge was not safe to be used by trucks until extra steel supports had been brought in to make

it stronger.

B. The steel supports needed for this bridge may no longer be permitted to be carried on trucks.

C. Trucks will be forbidden to use this bridge if it doesn’t get extra steel supports to strengthen it.

D. This bridge didn’t need additional steel supports until too many trucks crossed it and cut down on its

strength.

48. The temperatures have been dropping steadily ever since the cold front moved in last weekend.

A. The constant cold temperatures lately were probably caused by the cold front that arrived around last

weekend.

B. Last weekend, a cold front arrived, and that was when this regular lowering of temperatures began.

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D. It is due to the cold front that arrived last weekend that temperatures are lower now than they were

before.

49. As far as I am concerned, you didn’t deserve such a low salary.

A. You have been offered much less money than the others, which seems unfair.

B. I think you should have asked your boss for a higher salary.

C. In my opinion, you should have been paid more than you were.

D. Your salary would probably have been raised if you had asked for it.

50. No fish were biting in the pond at our house, so we went to the one near Macy’s Mill for the rest of

the day.

A. The pond at Macy’s Mill was full of fish the whole time we were there, unlike the one at our house.

B. We would have left the pond at our house and gone to Macy’s Mill for the remainder of the day if

we hadn’t caught any fish.

C. At this time of day, the fish at Macy’s Mill usually bite a lot more than the ones in the pond at our

house, so let’s go there instead.

D. Unable to catch any fish in the pond at our house, we spent the remainder of the day fishing in the

one close to Macy’s Mill.

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1. He must have cancelled his e-mail account, as I can’t get hold of him.

A. Since I’m unable to get in contact with him, it seems certain that he’s closed his e-mail account.

B. He may have closed his e-mail account, but I won’t know for sure till I get in touch with him.

C. I must have got his e-mail address wrong, because he’s not giving me any reply.

D. If no one is able to get in contact with him, he ought to get an e-mail account for himself.

2. From the noise that the engine is making, it appears that there is something wrong with the car.

A. If there was something wrong with the car, the engine would be making a strange sound.

B. It may seem as if the car is damaged, but it’s actually just the engine making a noise.

C. The sound of the engine seems to indicate that the car isn’t functioning properly.

D. The problem that the car is having must have been caused by the noisy engine.

3. Almost everybody in the hotel took advantage of its free bus to the beach.

A. Hardly anybody who was staying in the hotel travelled to the beach on its free bus.

B. Nearly everyone who was on the beach had taken the free bus from the hotel.

C. Everyone in the hotel saw its free bus to the beach as the best way to get there.

D. Only a few of the guests didn’t use the hotel’s bus, which was free, to get to the beach.

4. For fear that Fiona didn’t already know about Tim’s plan, I deliberately didn’t mention it.

A. It wasn’t my intention to bring up Tim’s plan, but I thought that Fiona might not have been informed

of it.

B. The reason I chose not to tell Fiona about Tim’s plan was because I wasn’t sure if she already knew

about it.

C. Fiona couldn’t have known about Tim’s plan, but I still didn’t know whether or not I should bring it

up.

D. I thought someone must have told Fiona about Tim’s plan, so I didn’t mention it to her.

5. The assignment that you’ve been given isn’t so complicated as mine.

A. My assignment isn’t as complex as the one you have been given.

B. Neither of us has been given a simple assignment.

C. The assignment that you’ve got is extremely easy, but mine’s not.

D. Mine is the more complex of the assignment you and I have received.

6. Never before had the community seen anything more spectacular than the magician’s show.

A. The community would never again experience anything more spectacular than the show the

magician did.

B. If the community enjoyed magic more, they would have been more amazed by the magician’s

performance.

C. The magician’s performance was the most amazing thing that the community had ever witnessed.

D. After the magician’s incredible show, the community agreed that they’d never seen anything like it.

7. Activists urged voters to support the proposal aimed at decreasing pollution.

A. The proposal whose goal was to lower pollution was being recommended to voters by activists. WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN 8

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B. It was mostly activists who voted for the proposal that would decrease pollution.

C. Activists came up with a proposal that would decrease the amount of pollution, and they were

pushing voters to support it.

D. Activists claimed that, if they voted for the proposal, voters would no longer have to worry about the

high pollution.

8. Everyone at the factory was worried about the possibility of losing their job.

A. Few of those working at the factory felt that their jobs were secure.

B. The chance that they might lose their jobs troubled all those at the factory.

C. All those at the factory wondered how they might be able to keep their job.

D. All of the factory employees realized that they would soon lose their jobs.

9. The new air and space museum was formally opened by the mayor, who was also a former

astronaut.

A. The opening of the air and space museum was important for the mayor, as he was a former

astronaut.

B. The opening of the air and space museum was done in honour of the mayor, who had once been an

astronaut.

C. The mayor, who used to be an astronaut, officially opened up the new air and space museum.

D. Since the former mayor used to be an astronaut, the opening of the air and space museum was done

by him.

10. Phil wanted to be separated from his family on this business trip for less time than he was on the

last.

A. As he had enjoyed being away from his family for such a long time on his last business trip, Phil

hoped that this trip would be even longer.

B. On this business trip, Phil hoped that he would not be away from his family for as long a time as he

had been on the previous one.

C. No longer wanting to take lengthy business trips because they separated him from his family, Phil

preferred not to go on any at all.

D. Phil knew that the business trip he was soon to take would keep him away from his family for less

time than the previous one.

11. My uncle used to own the small store below our flat.

A. Once, my uncle lived with us in the flat above the small store, which he owned.

B. The flat underneath ours, which my uncle used to own, has been turned into a small shop.

C. The place where my uncle used to live was above a small shop located not far from our apartment.

D. The small store located beneath our apartment once belonged to my uncle, but not any more.

12. If only he hadn’t eaten the entire pie, he wouldn’t be feeling sick to his stomach now.

A. He has trouble with his stomach at the moment because he ate the whole pie.

B. He wonderers if the reason for his feeling sick to his stomach is the pie that he consumed earlier.

C. I wish he had not eaten the whole pie and got so sick to his stomach.

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D. Whenever he was given a pie, he would eat all of it and become sick to his stomach.

13. Eda responded to the teacher in a way that none of us could have predicted.

A. By responding to the teacher in such a strange way, Eda proved all of our predictions wrong.

B. It was impossible for any of us to foresee the way Eda actually responded to the teacher.

C. After her response, Eda started acting towards the teacher in a very strange manner.

D. Not one of us was able to imagine what Eda would do after responding to the teacher in such a

manner.

14. I hope that there is nothing wrong with Marcus, as he should have contacted me by now.

A. I’m a bit worried about Marcus, who was going to get in touch with me, because I still haven’t heard

from him.

B. Marcus would have contacted me by now if there had been something wrong with him.

C. I wish that Marcus hadn’t contacted me, then I wouldn’t be worrying now.

D. Since Marcus hasn’t got in contact with me yet, I’m sure something bad has happened.

15. Sam painted the nicest of all the picture.

A. Every picture that Sam painted was very nice.

B. Sam always painted nice pictures, but this one was his nicest one ever.

C. Few of the other pictures were as nice as the one that Sam had painted.

D. The picture painted by Sam was nicer than all the others.

16. Prior to talking that medicine, you ought to have consulted your doctor.

A. Perhaps, rather than starting to take that medicine right away, you should talk to a doctor.

B. You should only take that medicine after consulting your doctor.

C. It was a mistake for you not to have got your doctor’s opinion before talking that medicine.

D. Had you checked with your doctor first, he would have told you not to take that medicine.

17. I can’t make any sense out of these instructions in this manual for how to start this machine.

A. The instructions given in this manual for how to start this machine are the most complicated I’ve

ever seen.

B. The instructions given in this manual are too complicated for me to be able to understand how to

start this machine.

C. There’s no sense in trying to understand the instructions given in this manual for how to start this

machine.

D. I’ve found the instruction in this manual quite senseless, so I may not be able to start this machine.

18. It wasn’t until Becky looked out of the window and couldn’t see any land that she realized the boat

had set sail.

A. The ship had begun its journey, and Becky became aware of this only when she could see no land

upon looking out of the window.

B. After becoming aware that the boat had left the dock, Becky went to look out of the window to

watch as they journeyed out of sea.

C. Having looked out of the window and seen land, Becky wasn’t sure whether the ship had started

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D. Since Becky couldn’t see out the window, it was impossible for her to tell if the boat had begun its

journey into open waters yet.

19. If she had no intention of going to the wedding, she should not have accepted the invitation.

A. If she’s already accepted the invitation, she’ll probably go to the wedding.

B. It was wrong of her to say she’d go to the wedding when she knew that she would not.

C. She must not have accepted the invitation, because she is definitely not going to the wedding.

D. If she won’t be able to make it to the wedding, then she doesn’t need to get an invitation.

20. Later in life, he regretted not taking his education seriously when he was young.

A. Apparently, he had not taken the education opportunities which were on offer in his younger days.

B. When he got older, he was resentful of the poor education he received when he was young.

C. When he was older, he was regretful for not having taken his education seriously in his youth.

D. Being poorly educated was a great discomfort to him later in life.

21. Neither my mother nor my father wanted to divorce right away, so they had a trial separation

first.

A. My mother and father attempted to live apart for a time because they were not willing to get a

divorce immediately.

B. My father was willing to try separation before getting divorced, yet my mother wanted neither

separation nor divorce.

C. While they were living apart from one another, my parents decided it would be best to divorce as

soon as possible.

D. Not only did my father want to live apart from my mother, but he also wanted to divorce her without

delay.

22. Some people change so much as they get order that they no longer look as they used to.

A. Compared to those of the past, people today do not usually look their age.

B. It is only natural that people look different as they get older.

C. In time, people change so much that no one from their past can recognize them.

D. Some people look greatly different from how they looked when they were younger.

23. The reason for the failure of the launch of the rockets has become common knowledge.

A. There is nobody who hasn’t come up with an explanation for the rocket’s failure.

B. Everybody is now aware of why the rocket couldn’t take off.

C. Nobody knows for what reason the rocket wasn’t launched.

D. The new that the rocket didn’t succeed in talking off spread quickly.

24. Margaret was too exhausted to take up the Webbs’ invitation to have dinner at their house.

A. Margaret was really tired when she accepted the offer of the Webbs to have dinner with them at

their home.

B. Margaret didn’t accept the offer to have dinner at the Webbs’ place because it would have been very

tiring for her.

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C. Margaret wasn’t well enough to accept the dinner invitation that had been sent to her by the Webbs.

D. Margaret had been asked to come over to dinner by the Webbs, but, being very tired, she had to

refuse the invitation.

25. Our French lesson would have been more productive if the teacher hadn’t kept on leaving the

classroom.

A. We didn’t learn anything in our French lesson because the teacher repeatedly went out of the

classroom.

B. Whenever our teacher was in the classroom, we had a very constructive French lesson.

C. As the teacher frequently wasn’t in the classroom, we didn’t learn as much in our French lesson as

we could have.

D. Even if our teacher had remained in our classroom, the lesson still wouldn’t have been productive

enough.

26. Albrecht Durer created a fairly good picture of a rhinoceros without even having seen one.

A. Despite not having seen a rhinoceros, the picture Albrecht Durer made of one was quite good.

B. Had he not looked at a rhinoceros first, Albert Durer’s picture of one couldn’t have been perfect.

C. Albert Durer didn’t even bother to look at a rhinoceros before he made his excellent picture of one.

D. Before Albert Durer saw a rhinoceros, he had already made a pretty good picture of one.

27. Rick wasn’t certain that Clark had received his e-mail.

A. Rick didn’t remember what exactly he had written in his last e-mail to Clark.

B. Before checking with Clark, Rick had to know whether he had received his last e-mail.

C. Rick had sent so many e-mails to Clark that he wasn’t sure which one Clark had actually failed to

get.

D. Rick did not know for sure whether his e-mail had reached Clark or not.

28. Martha doesn’t work at the front desk anymore; now, she has her own office.

A. Martha, who previously worked at the front desk, now works in her own office.

B. Martha would rather have stayed at the front desk, but she has been moved into an office.

C. Since Martha quit her job at the front desk, they offered her an office of her own.

D. Martha used to work at the front desk, but then she decided to try to get an office of her own.

29. Under no circumstances should you stand up while the ride is in progress.

A. If you get up before the ride has finished, it will shut down.

B. Once the ride had begun, it’s necessary that you remain seated until it has completely stopped

moving.

C. As the ride has continued to improve, people have begum standing up on it, though they aren’t

supposed to.

D. Whoever you may be, the recent updates to the ride mean that you should not stand up on it.

30. The immigration laws have been continually changed over the past few years for no logical

reason.

A. The fact that the immigrant laws have been continually changed over the recent years must have a

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B. It is not fair that the laws have been changed so much over the few years because of the flow of

immigrants.

C. The reason why they changed the immigration laws recently has not been explained very

convincingly.

D. There’s no reasonable explanation as to why the immigration laws have been altered repeatedly in

the last few years.

31. You can cancel your ticket with a full refund only if you do so one week before your scheduled

departure.

A. You can apply for a full refund for your ticket within a week if you’ve had a change of plans and

can’t make the flight.

B. When you purchase a ticket for a flight, it’s impossible to get a refund on it in advance of the date

that your flight will be leaving.

C. In order to get all the money you’ve paid for the ticket back, the cancellation has to be done seven

days prior to your plane’s scheduled take-off.

D. When a flight has been cancelled by the airlines, you must ask for a full refund within one week of

the date of departure.

32. Jamal could have been a classical musician if he’d continued his cello lessons.

A. It was only because Jamal stopped taking lessons on the cello that he was unable to become a

classical musician.

B. Originally, Jamal had wanted to become a classical musician, and so he took cello lessons for a time.

C. It was the cello lessons that he took for a long time that enabled Jamal to become a classical

musician.

D. Jamal never became a classical musician, but he did continue talking cello lessons nonetheless.

33. Gerard used to live with his younger brother, but he moved into a place by himself a couple of

weeks ago.

A. Now that he has been living by himself for two weeks, Gerard misses the time when he was staying

with his little brother.

B. Though Gerard has been living with his younger brother for a while, in two weeks he’ll go

somewhere else and live on his own instead.

C. Gerard once lived with his little brother for a couple of weeks, but he soon moved out and into his

own place.

D. Previously, Gerard had lived with his little brother, but then, two weeks ago, he started living on his

own somewhere else.

34. Without even picking up the phone, Anita knew that it was Jack who was calling her.

A. Felling that Jack was the one who was ringing her, Anita wondered whether or not she should pick

the phone up.

B. Anita was sure, even before she had answered the phone, that Jack was the person ringing her.

C. As she knew that it was Jack who was calling her, Anita decided not to pick up the phone.

D. Anita was not planning to answer the phone until she could be sure that Jack was the one on the

other end of the line.

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35. Most of the fish had been sold by noon, but the workers still couldn’t leave until four o’clock.

A. When the workers finally left the market at four o’clock, all of the fish had already been sold long

before.

B. The workers couldn’t go home before four o’clock, regardless of whether or not they had sold most

of their fish before noon.

C. Most of the workers who left before four o’clock did so because they had sold most of their fish

before noon.

D. None of the workers were allowed to leave before four o’clock, even though the majority of the fish

had been bought before noon.

36. If I’d known how hot and crowded it was going to be here, I wouldn’t have come.

A. I didn’t realize it would be so hot and crowded here, and if I had, I wouldn’t have come.

B. As it’s so hot and crowded here, I’m beginning to wish I hadn’t come.

C. I came here knowing very well it would be both hot and crowded.

D. I wouldn’t go as I was sure it would be terribly hot and crowded.

37. There wasn’t enough evidence to prove that he was guilty.

A. They failed to prove his guilt as there was no evidence to support the case.

B. If there is enough evidence, they will be able to prove his guilt.

C. They couldn’t prove that he was guilty as the evidence was insufficient.

D. They can’t possibly prove his guilt as there is clearly insufficient evidence.

38. They didn’t tell me anything until the old house had been sold.

A. No one has talked much about the old house that was recently sold.

B. They would tell me if the old house weren’t sold.

C. I don’t know anything because nobody has mentioned the sale of the old house.

D. I hadn’t been told anything before the old house was sold.

39. I was enthusiastic about seeing the Toy Museum because Adam had spoken so well of it.

A. Adam’s praise of the Toy Museum makes me think that it might be an interesting place to see.

B. What made me very eager to visit the Toy Museum was Adam’s saying such good things about it.

C. I hadn’t been really interested in the Toy Museum until Adam told me that it was excellent.

D. I was very pleased to hear from Adam that the Toy Museum was a wonderful place to visit.

40. I will consider all the offers before I make the final decision.

A. I was considering everything while I was making the final decision.

B. When I feel sure about the offers, I will tell them my final decision.

C. I am certain, but I still want to think over the offers a bit more.

D. I won’t decide until I have considered all the offers.

41. It will be useless to ask Cathy to help us.

A. Don’t ask Cathy to help us, because she’s lazy.

B. It won’t be any use if we ask Cathy for help.

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D. It was not a good idea for us to ask for Cathy’s help.

42. Sue almost never joined us when we invited her out on Saturday.

A. When we wanted Sue to come out us on Saturday, she rarely did.

B. It was usually difficult for Sue to come out with us on Saturday.

C. Sue never accepted our invitations to come out at weekends.

D. We invited Sue to come out, but she is rarely free on Saturday.

43. Fred will have an interview with the manager soon after he gives her his CV.

A. Fred should give his CV to the manager during the interview.

B. The manager will take Fred’s CV just before she has an interview with him.

C. Fred will explain his CV for the manager as soon as he sees her.

D. The manager asked to see Fred’s CV before she talked to him.

44. Stella called the police as soon as she realized she was being followed.

A. Stella thought that she should call the police, because she was being followed.

B. When the police arrived, Stella followed them to the police station.

C. Stella realized that someone was following her, so she called the police.

D. Whenever Stella sees someone following her, she telephone the police.

45. Don’t disturb me unless it is something urgent.

A. You can only interrupt me if it is some sort of emergency.

B. When you need something fast, you can call on me.

C. Unless something terrible happens, please leave me alone.

D. I will only bother you if there is some sort of emergency.

46. I drink coffee at night, so it takes me ages to get to sleep.

A. Drinking coffee sometimes makes it very difficult for me to get to sleep at night.

B. I wouldn’t talk a lot of time to fall asleep if I didn’t drink coffee at night.

C. For me, sleeping at night is not very easy, because I drink lots of coffee.

D. I always want some coffee just before I go to bed, but then I can’t get to sleep.

47. After three months of bloody fighting, the German army were driven back from Stalingrad,

leaving thousands of their colleagues trapped behind.

A. Thousands of German soldiers had to be abandoned in Stalingrad as the German army was forced to

retreat from the city, following a violent three-month conflict.

B. After three months of bloody conflict most of the German army drove back to Stalingrad while

thousands of their comrades remained behind.

C. The German army had to fight for three months to capture Stalingrad, but then they were forced to

withdraw, leaving behind thousands of dead.

D. The German army began to retreat, after three months of bloody fighting, without even attempting to

rescue thousands of soldiers kept as prisoner of war in Stalingrad.

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48. While the Germans were fighting the Soviets in eastern Europe, the USA, Britain and Canada

landed in the north of France.

A. The USA, Britain and Canada arrived by sea in the north of France before the Germans had started

to fight the Soviets in the east of Europe.

B. The landings in northern France, made by the USA, Britain and Canada, happened during the time

the Germans were in conflict with the Soviets in eastern Europe.

C. The Germans fought with the Soviets in eastern Europe, and then with the USA, Britain and Canada,

who had invaded the north coast of France.

D. At the same time as the USA, Britain and Canada were landing in the north of France, the Soviets

started a big battle with the Germans on the eastern side of Europe.

49. How I wish I had enough money to go to the Maldives for my holiday.

A. I’m planning to spend my next holiday in the Maldives if I can save enough money.

B. I can only go to the Maldives for my next holiday if I can start saving up now.

C. I’d really like to spend my holiday in the Maldives, but I can’t afford it.

D. I’d like to go to the Maldives for a holiday because it’s not very expensive there.

50. Listening to loud music for a long time will give you a headache.

A. You will get a headache if you listen to music at a very high volume for a long time.

B. You shouldn’t listen to loud music for a long time if you have a headache.

C. Listening to music for a while may help you get rid of a headache, but it shouldn’t be loud.

D. When you have a headache, it is not good to listen to music at a very high volume for a long time.

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1. In my opinion his early novels weren’t any better than his last one.

A. As far as I’m concerned, this last novel of his is at least as good as any of the earlier ones.

B. I believed that the novel he has written recently has failed to draw the public attention.

C. I think he has at last managed to write a really good novel.

D. It seems to me that all this earlier works were better than his last novel.

2. If I’d known where they lived I would certainly have gone to visit them while I was in Paris.

A. I didn’t even know they were living in Paris so I never thought of visiting them.

B. I visited them when I was living in Paris but now I’ve lost touch with them.

C. I wanted to visit them while I was in Paris but as I didn’t have their address, I couldn’t.

D. Last week I was in Paris but I didn’t feel like going to visit them.

3. Luckily they managed to catch the last bus, so they didn’t have to walk the five miles back to the

village.

A. Fortunately the bus they caught took them within five miles of their own village, so they only had a

short walk.

B. They were fortunate enough to get the last bus which saved them the five-mile walk back to the

village.

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D. It was fortunate that they were able to take the last bus when they were only five miles away from

the village.

4. We’re still debating whether or not he deserves to be promoted.

A. There was much disagreement among us to whether he’s a suitable candidate for promotion.

B. The question of whether he’s entitled to promotion has not yet been discussed.

C. We haven’t yet come to an agreement as to if he should be promoted.

D. His promotion will certainly cause a great deal of disagreement among us.

5. Apparently, Tom and Larry can’t spend an afternoon together without fighting.

A. A fight seems inevitable when Tom and Larry are together even if only for an afternoon.

B. Tom and Larry must have got together in the afternoon to have a fight.

C. Presumably, on the afternoon of the fight, Tom and Larry were together.

D. Unfortunately, Tom and Larry spent the whole afternoon fighting each other.

6. We haven’t seen each other for ages, so I’m wondering whether I shall even recognize him.

A. Though we haven’t met for years, there’s no fear of not recognizing him.

B. You’ll have no difficulty in recognizing him, for he’s changed little over the years.

C. I met him years ago but I doubt if I should even recognize him now.

D. It’s such a long time since we met that I’m afraid I may not recognize him.

7. Wouldn’t it be better to let them know about the alterations to the plan?

A. Why haven’t they been informed about the new developments?

B. Don’t you think they should be informed about the changes in the plan?

C. Shouldn’t they have been consulted before the scheme was changed?

D. We’d better ask them to change the plan, hadn’t we?

8. Don’t take any notice of all his complaints about his health; there’s nothing wrong with him.

A. You can ignore all his talk of being ill; he’s actually perfectly healthy.

B. Try to avoid the subject of his healthy as I am tired of hearing all about this complaints.

C. Don’t listen to him talking about his health; it’s his favourite subject.

D. If you let him, he would talk only about his ill-health though actually he is quite healthy.

9. We had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible.

A. In spite of the heavy rain we managed to walk half way round the lake as planned.

B. The heavy rain nearly prevented us from walking right round the lake.

C. We would have walked right round the lake even if it had rained heavily.

D. If it hadn’t rained so heavily we would have walked right round the lake.

10. I can’t remember when I last saw him, but it’s certainly a long time ago.

A. I shall never forget meeting him even though it’s a long time ago.

B. We’ve only met once and that was too long ago for me to remember him.

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C. I only know it is ages since I saw him and I can’t remember when that was.

D. I’d like to forget how many years have passed since I last saw him.

11. As the traffic is so heavy it will take us at least an hour to get there.

A. Let’s wait an hour before we go as there is so much traffic on the roads.

B. Since the roads are so busy we won’t be able to get there in under an hour.

C. Since the roads are full of traffic at this hour we won’t go now.

D. There are so many cars on the roads that we can’t get there for hours.

12. There were no poor performance, but that of the Russian dancers was certain the best.

A. The best performance were those of the Russians; some of the others were poor.

B. The standard of dancing was high, particularly among the Russians.

C. They all danced well, but the Russian dancers were far better than the others.

D. The Russian dancers were well-worth watching but the others weren’t.

13. As there was a great deal of rain in the spring we are expecting a good fruit harvest this year.

A. It rained so heavily all through the springtime that fruit harvest will certainly be affected.

B. This year we can expect a better fruit harvest even though we didn’t have a wet spring.

C. Though it rained often this spring, the fruit trees are yielding plenty of fruit.

D. There should be an abundance of fruit this year as it rained so much in the spring.

14. As the bus arrived in Bursa an hour later than the scheduled time, I missed the opening of the concert.

A. The concert was due to start just an hour after my bus arrived in Bursa.

B. The concert had started by the time I got there as the bus reached Bursa a full hour late.

C. I arrived in Bursa at the scheduled hour and went on to the concert an hour later.

D. The concert in Bursa started an hour later than the scheduled time so I didn’t miss the start.

15. I expect to get back this evening but it really depends on the weather.

A. Though I’m planning to return this evening the weather may prevent me.

B. If the weather continues like this I’ll spend the night there.

C. Since the weather’s so bad I don’t suppose I’ll be back tonight.

D. The weather made it impossible for me to return as planned.

16. After the operation, she recovered far quicker than any of us had expected her to.

A. She recovered from the operation just as quickly as anybody could have hoped.

B. Once the operation was over her recovery was as fast as could be expected.

C. We were all surprised at how fast her health returned after the operation.

D. To our great surprise she was back to normal again as soon as the operation was over.

17. I’ll be at the station to meet you if it’s possible at all.

A. I’ll do my best to meet you at the station but it may not be possible.

B. It’s just possible that I shall be at the station to meet you myself.

C. I’ve promised to meet you at the station and I shall be there.

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18. That’s something you should ask John about as he’s the financial expert.

A. John might be able to help you as he takes an interest in financial matters.

B. If I were you, I’d get John’s opinion on it first.

C. John is the one to ask; he is responsible for all our financial transactions.

D. John is the one you should consult as he specializes in financial matters.

19. We’d better leave right away as the traffic will be heavy at this hour.

A. We mustn’t leave it too late as the roads are likely to be busy for the next hour.

B. The roads are busy at this time of day, so we ought to set off at once.

C. Let’s wait an hour so as to avoid some of the heavy traffic.

D. If we set off now, we will avoid most of the heavy traffic.

20. This is the most enjoyable novel I’ve read in a long time.

A. It took me a long time to read this novel, but it was worth it.

B. It’s a marvelous novel; I still remember it though I read it a long time ago.

C. It’s a long time since I read this novel but I know I enjoyed it enormously.

D. It’s ages since I got so much pleasure out of reading a novel.

21. I’ve been out of the country for nearly a year, so I’m out of touch with everything here.

A. A year or so abroad will make you feel different about your own country.

B. On my return after almost a year, I was touched to find so few changes here.

C. I feel quite like a stranger now that I’m back after almost a year abroad.

D. The year abroad has estranged me, so I don’t want to go back to my own country.

22. I was extremely annoyed at the way the new boss treated us all, but I tried not to show it.

A. I made an effort to hide from the new boss the anger I felt at his treatment of us.

B. I shouldn’t have let the new boss know just how angry I was at this attitude towards us.

C. I couldn’t help letting the new boss see just how angry he made with those remarks to us.

D. The new boss treated us all so badly that I couldn’t hide my disgust from him.

23. If the others had taken sensible precautions like we did, this tragedy need never have happened.

A. If they had not behaved so foolishly, they would not have involved us, either, in this tragedy.

B. The tragedy is that this could have been avoided if only they had all controlled their emotions.

C. If only they would follow our example and behave in a reasonable manner, all this suffering could

be avoided.

D. This tragic outcome could have been avoided, but, unlike us, the rest of them behaved rashly.

24. As Jane and I are going to Leeds by car, why don’t you join us?

A. Will you come to Leeds with Jane and me if we decide to take the car?

B. How about going to Leeds with Jane and me since we’ve taking the car?

C. If you and Jane decide to go to Leeds, couldn’t we go by car?

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D. Why don’t you want to go to Leeds by car with Jane and me?

25. Many countries share the view that drastic measures must be taken to stop the pollution of the

seas.

A. The pollution of the seas can only be prevented provided that many countries follow the same

policy.

B. By putting into practice a series of precautions it is generally believed that the pollution of the seas

will be prevented.

C. A lot of countries agree that it is essential to take strong action to put an end to the pollution of the

seas.

D. The seas will, it seems, continue to be polluted unless this agreement is accepted by a majority of

the countries.

26. These gardens have been well-designed, so they look attractive all the year round.

A. Whatever the season, these gardens look attractive for much good planning has gone into them.

B. Good garden design would ensure that these gardens were lovely to look at all through the year.

C. The best-planned gardens are those which look attractive all the year round.

D. Only well designed gardens like these appeal to the public all the year round.

27. Owing to the poor visibility it took us ten hours, instead of the usual eight, to get to London.

A. The lights of London were visible for two hours before we reached the city.

B. Even though we ran into a lot of fog on the way to London the journey didn’t take much longer than

usual.

C. It takes between eight and ten hours to drive to London, depending on visibility.

D. The fog meant that we reached London two hours later than would be normal.

28. Sometimes there is so much traffic on the roads that it’s quicker to walk than to go by car.

A. There is so much traffic these days that it is easier to walk than to drive.

B. The traffic is at times so heavy that you can walk there faster than you can go in a car.

C. At certain times of the day it really is better to walk than drive in the heavy traffic.

D. When the traffic is really heavy, the cars can only move at walking-pace.

29. The newspapers are putting the blame on his private secretary, but I think several other people

are equally guilty.

A. It seems to me that several people are at fault, not just his private secretary as the newspapers are

suggesting.

B. The names of some of the guilty people were given to the newspapers by his private secretary.

C. According to the newspapers, it is not only his private secretary who is to blame; several other

people are involved.

D. Some of the people who are quite as guilty as his private secretary have managed to avoid getting

their names in the newspapers.

30. I didn’t enjoy his last novel nearly as much as his early ones.

A. I thought his early novels were good, but this last one was even better.

B. His novels begin well, but towards the end they are really not very enjoyable.

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D. In comparison with his last novel, even his early novels were good.

31. The directors of the firm have agreed to a change in policy; it’s up to us to implement it.

A. Having agreed to a change in policy, we must force the directors of the firm to implement it.

B. The directors of the firm have decided to give the task of implementing the change in policy to us.

C. Any change in policy on the part of the firm’s directors requires our approval before it can be

implemented.

D. The task of putting into effect the policy changes agreed to by the firm’s directors is ours.

32. One can hardly expect profits to double again this year.

A. Profits will probably drop by as much as 50 percent again this year.

B. It’s not likely that profits will again go up by 100 percent this year.

C. It’s quite possible that profits this year will be halved again.

D. It won’t be easy to double the profits again this year.

33. What can we do to convince him that the project is sure to succeed?

A. How should we go about persuading him that the success of the project is assured?

B. Why can’t he admit that the success of the project is in doubt?

C. Why can’t we persuade him that the scheme is sure to fail?

D. Doesn’t he want us to believe that the project is sure to succeed?

34. Carol said that it started to snow after she had got up that morning.

A. Carol said that she got up while it was snowing that morning.

B. Carol said that the snow had started before she got up that morning.

C. Carol said that, as soon as she got up that morning, she saw that it was snowing.

D. Carol said that she got up before the snow started that morning.

35. We couldn’t help feeling disappointed when, after all our hard work, we had to close down the

factory.

A. By working even harder we could, perhaps, have managed to keep the factory open.

B. If only we could have kept the factory going we wouldn’t have felt that all our work had been

wasted.

C. Since we’d put in so much effort it was inevitable that we should feel upset when we couldn’t keep

the factory going.

D. However hard we worked we could not have stopped them closing down the factory.

36. The north of Italy is directly responsible for the country’s place among the world’s top industrial

nations.

A. Italy’s northern regions are well - known as one of the most industrialized areas in the world.

B. In Italy, industry is focused in the north, but nevertheless she is still one of the world’s top industrial

nations.

C. Italy is one of the world’s top industrial countries even though all the industrial activities are

concentrated in the north.

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D. It is entirely the northern part of the country that has earned Italy a prominent position among the

world’s industrial nations.

37. Of all the decisions a free people must face, the question of war or peace is the most crucial.

A. A free people is never confronted by a more momentous choice than that of war or peace.

B. The most critical choice that a free people is ever called upon to make concerns the issue of war or

peace.

C. The choice of war or peace is a critical one, but all free people do, on occasion, have to face it.

D. When confronted with the choice of war or peace free people realize it is the most momentous of all

issues.

38. I only remembered it was my birthday when you phoned me.

A. I didn’t remember that it was my birthday until you called.

B. I was happy because you remembered to call me on my birthday.

C. As soon as I realized that it was my birthday, you called me.

D. You always phone me to remind me of when my birthday is.

39. Getting a law passed is one thing but getting it enforced is quite another thing.

A. The law has already been passed, but I suspect it won’t be easy to implement it.

B. Once the law has been passed, it will be easy enough to put it into effect.

C. The passing of a law and the implementing of it are two very different things.

D. If the law has been passed, it will soon come into effect.

40. A club member who had a funny surname made a long speech.

A. A club member gave a long speech about his funny surname.

B. The speech of the club member with a strange surname was very long.

C. Everyone found the speech of the club member with a strange surname long but funny.

D. We had to wait for the club member who had a funny surname to speak.

41. Saying that there was room for only four passengers in his car, the taxi driver didn’t want to take

all of us.

A. The taxi driver refused to take all of us, because he said his car was only large enough for four

people.

B. Because the taxi driver didn’t want to take more than four of us, we decided not to hire his car.

C. The taxi driver only allowed four of us to get into his car, so the rest had to take another taxi.

D. The taxi driver said his car was big enough to take only four passengers, but we all managed to fit

in.

42. I have found the ring which Ed gave me on my birthday last June.

A. On my birthday last June, Ed gave me a ring that I thought I had lost, but he had found it again.

B. When Ed gave me a ring for my birthday last June, he didn’t know that I was going to lose it.

C. The ring I was given by Ed on my birthday last June is no longer lost because I’ve found it.

D. I was given a ring by Ed on my birthday last June, but after a while, I lost it.

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A. Taking to her husband, Nancy suggested extending their holiday in that marvelous resort two more

days.

B. Nancy asked her husband the reason why they wouldn’t be able to stay at that beautiful resort for

two days.

C. Nancy and her husband liked the resort so much that they wanted to extend their holiday two more

days.

D. Nancy couldn’t think of a reason why they couldn’t stay at that wonderful resort for two days.

44. Sarah started preparing lunch as soon as her children left for school.

A. The children went to school soon after Sarah had prepared lunch.

B. Sarah’s children didn’t leave for school until she had started making lunch.

C. After the children had left for school, Sarah decided to prepare lunch.

D. Sarah waited until her children had gone to school before she started making lunch.

45. Meals at “The Round Table” are undoubtedly the best in town and prices are reasonable.

A. At “The Round Table” you get extremely good food, but you certainly pay for it.

B. Prices have gone up at “The Round Table” but the quality of the food has gone up accordingly.

C. They don’t overcharge you at “The Round Table” and the food there is unrivalled in the town.

D. Considering how much they charge, the food they serve at “The Round Table” is not as good as it

ought to be.

46. I had no idea Clark spoke French until we went to Bordeaux.

A. I first realized that Clark knew French when we were in Bordeaux.

B. Before we went to Bordeaux, Clark had never tried to speak French.

C. While we were traveling to Bordeaux, Clark suddenly started to speak French.

D. It was difficult to understand the French that Clark was speaking in Bordeaux.

47. One of the things I hate is noisy children.

A. I hate being in a place where there are noisy kids.

B. Children who make a lot of noise are terrible.

C. Among other things, I can’t stand children who make noise.

D. I hate both children and the noise they make.

48. Nobody is helping me, so I can’t finish my science project on time.

A. I could finish my science project on time if I were being helped by someone.

B. I needed help with my science project, but everyone just ignored me.

C. My science project will be difficult to do alone, so I should ask someone for help.

D. No one had time to help me, so I couldn’t finish my science project on time.

49. People who are unhappy sometimes try to compensate by eating too much.

A. Unhappy people are usually overweight because they tend to eat too much.

B. Eating too much occasionally makes people unhappy and depressed.

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C. For some people, eating too much is a reason to be miserable.

D. When depressed, people occasionally attempt to offset their misery by overeating.

50. Although they taste nearly the same, both Sprite and Mountain Dew are two separate citrus –

flavoured soft drinks made by different companies.

A. Although Sprite has a stronger citrus taste than Mountain Dew, basically they are the same soft

drink, though made by different companies.

B. Sprite and Mountain Dew are both manufactured by the same company, though they are similarly

tasting citrus – flavoured soft drinks.

C. Produced by two different companies, Sprite and Mountain Dew, which are both citrus – flavoured

soft drinks, taste practically no different.

D. Not made by the same company, Sprite and Mountain Dew are different from one another in the

amount of their citrus flavouring.