Đề cương ôn thi
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Part A: theory
Degree of comparison of adjectives and adverbs
I. so sánh ngang bằng ( Equal comparison)
S + “be” + as + adj + as + N (pronoun)
Ex: -He is as tall as his father.
-Mai is as beautiful as her friend.
2. S + V(thường) + as + adv + as + N (pronoun)
Ex: - John sings as well as his sister.
Negative: (phủ định)
S+ V +not so +adj/ adv+as + N (pronoun)
not as +adj/ adv + as + N (pronoun)
Ex: - His job is not so difficult as mine(my job).
Ý “bằng nhau, như nhau” có thể được diễn đạt cách khác:
S+ S+ V + the same + (N) + as + N (pronoun).
Ex. - My house is as high as his.
My house is the same height as his.
Tom is as old as Mary.
Tom and Mary are the same age.
* Chúng ta dùng “ the same as” chứ không dùng “ the same like”
Chú ý các tính từ sau và các danh từ tương ứng của chúng.
Adj N
- Heavy, light, weigh weight
- wide, narrow width
- deep, shallow (nông) depth
- long, short length
- big, small size
- old age
II.Comparative ( So sánh hơn )
Với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn: : …. hơn
Adj./Adv. + ER + THAN
Ex: Ann is taller than me.
Today is hotter than yesterday
She speaks English better than me.
Với tính từ và trạng từ dài
MORE + Adj./ Adv. + THAN
Ex: This exercise is more difficult than that one.
- My father sings more beautifully than my brother.
NOTES:
Tính từ (trạng từ) ngắn gồm các tính từ có một âm tiết và các tính từ có 2 âm tiết mà tận cùng bằng: -y, -ow, -er, -le, -et
Ex: Happy happier heavyheavier
narrow narrower quiet quieter
Clever Cleverer simple simpler
tinh từ tận cùng là y i + er heavy heavier
Tính từ ngắn tận cùng là một phụ âm, trước nó là một nguyên âm thì gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi thêm ER
Ex: Hot hotter big bigger
thin – thinner fat- fatter
III. Superlative ( So sánh nhất )
Với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn(short)
S+V + THE + Adj. + EST
Ex: The Nile is the longest river in the world.
Với tính từ và trạng từ dài(long)
S+V+ THE MOST Adj./Adv.
Ex: That was the most interesting story I've ever read
Các trường hợp bất qui tắc:
Adj./Adv Comparative(hơn) Superlative(nhất)
Good, well better the best
Bad, badly worse the worst
Many, much more the most
Little less the least
Far farther/further the farthest/furthest
Ex: They all behaved badly, but Peter behaved the worst. Anne feels much better today.
IV. Double Comparison ( Só sánh kép)
a. So sánh kép để miêu tả sự việc ngày càng phát triển:
Short Adj : S+V Adj. + ER and Adj. + ER
Long Adj : S+V More and more +Adj.
Ex: The standard of living is getting better and better.
The tests are more and more difficult.
b. So sánh kép miêu tả hai sự việc cùng song song phát triển, thay đổi ở sự kiện này sẽ kèm theo thay đổi ở sự kiện kia.
Short adj : The + adj./adv. + er + S+V , the + adj./adv. + er + S+V
Long adj: The more + adj./adv +S+V, the more + adj./adv + S+V
Ex: The more you learn, the better you know about the world.
The hotter it is, the more terrible I feel.
The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive at your destination.
The more you study, the smarter you will become.
Một số adj cũng đồng thời là adv: Early, soon, hard, fast, late
V.Level comparison: (so sánh mức độ):
S+V Much far , very much, a lot , a bit, a little, slightly + adj (so sánh hơn)
Not as good a + noun
S+V
Not such a good + noun as
S+V + twice / half + as adj as (tính từ ss bằng)
Three times / four times + adj ( so sánh hơn) hoặc (so sánh bằng)
As adj as
S+V by far + adj (so sánh nhất)
Of all + noun + S+ V + adj (so sánh nhất)
This is + adj (so sánh nhất) +S+have/ has +V3
One of + adj (so sánh nhất) + plural noun (danh từ số nhiều)
UNIT 13 : THE 22ND SEA GAMES
Pronunciation: Linking.
Grammar: Double Comparative (so sánh kép)
- Comparative + and + Comparative (càng ngày càng)
- The + Comparative , the + Comparative (càng …càng...)
A. GRAMMAR
Ta dùng so sánh kép để chỉ cái gì đó đang thay đổi , có 2 loại so sánh kép:
1. Comparative + and + Comparative (càng ngày càng )
* Short adjectives / adverbs:
Adj / adv + er + and + adj / adv + er
Ex: The weather is getting colder and colder ( trời đang càng ngày càng lạnh hơn )
My sisiter works harder and harder.
* Long adjectives / adverbs:
more and more + adj / adv
Ex: The problem is becoming more and more important
We went more and more slowly.
2. The + Comparative , the + Comparative (càng...càng...)
The + Comparative + S + V , + the + Comparative + S + V(càng ...càng)
Ex: The richer he is, the more friends he has.
The more difficult the lesson is, the harder we learn.
B. EXERCISES
I. PHONETIC
* Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. monkey B. donkey C. grey D. key
2. A. stomach B. challenge C. Christmas D. chaos
3. A. conceive B. believe C. conceit D. reign
4. A. national/ᴂ/ B. language C. happy/ᴂ/ D. nation/ei/
5. A. asked B. needed C. lasted D. painted
II. VOCABULARY
1. Thailand is considered as our strongest rival in Southeast Asia’s Men’s Soccer.
A. enemy B. opponent C. competitor D. B & C are correct
2. We think George will be ....................... his title at next month’s championship.
A. gaining B. keeping C. defending D. winning
3. ....................... is a Japanese system of fighting in which you use your hands and feet as weapons.
A. Boxing B. Wrestling C. Wushu D. Karate
4. Vietnamese participants were presented with the Most Outstanding Athlete title in Schooling Events.
A. Honest B. Skilful C. Excellent D. Powerful
5. Competitive sport offers ....................... a chance to show their loyalty to their country.
A. candidates B. players C. spectators D. athletes
6. ....................... is the activity of doing regular exercises to make your muscles bigger and stronger.
A. Sumo B. Acrobatics C. Bodybuilding D. Gymnastics
7. Thailand last won the SEA Games in 1999 and are the ............... to win the 22nd SEA Games championship.
A. athletes B. favourites C. representatives D. frontiers
8. Wushu originated in ....................... and is to make its debut at the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.
A. Thailand B. Japan C. China D. Indonesia
9. To Vietnamese people, the Golden Buffalo symbolizes a golden harvest, prosperity, happiness, power and the Vietnamese martial spirit.
A. fighting B. tremendous C. community D. high
10. Since the success at the 22nd SEA Games, the women’s team has seen wholesale changes with many veterans exiting.
A. captains B. footballers C. coaches D. troupers
III. GRAMMAR
* Choose the best answer.
1. To our surprise, the so-called cheap shop was ....................... we expected.
A. as twice as expensive B. expensive as twice as
C. twice as expensive as D. as expensive as twice
2. Mr. John’s company has expaned rapidly. It’s grown .......................
A. the biggest B. bigger C. as big as D. bigger and bigger
3. Our old flat was near the shops. Our new place is ....................... for shopping.
A. less covenient B. better and better C. the least expensive D. the most dangerous
4. It’s believed that workers in the Third World .......................
A. don’t earn as much money as in Europe B. earn less money than Europeans do
C. don’t earn so much many so those in Europe D. earn much more money than Europeans do
5. ................ the customer complained, ..................... and ....................... the manager became.
A. The more – the less rude – more unpleasant. B. The less – the ruder – less unpleasant.
C. The less – the less rude – the least unpleasant. D. The more – the ruder – more unpleasant.
6. The more George worked on the math problem, .......................
A. the more he was much confused B. the more confused he was
C. the more he was confused D. the much confused he was.
7. As far as I’m concerned, education is about learning and the more you learned .......................
A. the more you are equypped for life B. the more equypped for life you are
C. the more life you are equypped for D. the more for life you are equypped
8. The more car come into the city, .......................
A. the slower the traffic moves B. the more slowly does the traffic moves
C. the faster the traffic moves D. the more slowly moves the traffic
9. “If it rains and rains, you feel more like not going out.” This sentence means that .......................
A. The more it rains, the more you feel like going out. B. The more you like going out, the more it rains
C. The more it rains, the less you feel like going out. D. The less it rains, the more you feel like going out.
10. “The harder our father works, the less time he spends with the family.” This sentence has the closest meaning to .......................
A. My father spends much time working to support the family
B. My father enjoys his work so much that he works so hard.
C.The more time my father spends with the family, the happier he feels.
D. My father doesn’t spend much time with the family as he works so hard.
C. PRACTICE TEST
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. events b. spirit c. Asian d. silver
a. gold b. region c. organize d. game.
a. trained b. proved c. impressed d. performed
a. competitor b. medal c. level d. development
a. honor b. high c. host d. hold
Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close meaning to the original one.
In _______ 22nd SEA Games, Vietnam won 158 _______ gold medals.
a. 0 / the b. the / 0 c. a / the d. the / the
_______ logo of the 22nd SEA Games is the stylization of Lac bird, the ancient bird pictured of the face of Ngoc Lu kettledrum, _______ most special and typical relic of the ancient Vietnamese culture.
a. A / the b. The / the c. Ø / Ø d. The / Ø
_______ symbol of the SEA Games Federation is to emphasize the solidarity, friendship, and nobility.
a. A b. An c. The d. Ø
The host country, Laos, is expected to announce official sports for 25th SEA Games _______ November 2008.
a. on b. in c. during d. from
Vietnam recommended archery, vovinam, billiards-snooker and canoeing _____ official sports at the games.
a. at b. with c. as d. in
The Party and State leaders, delegates, domestic arid international guests, and 11 sports delegations _______ Southeast Asian countries to the 22nd SEA Games were warmly welcomed.
a. over b. at c. for d. from
Johnny used to be one of the most _______ athletes in my country.
a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully
The 22nd SEA Games consisted of athletes from eleven _____ countries.
a. participate b. participant c. participation d. participating
_______, the athlete broke the world's record with two attempts.
a. Surprise b. Surprised c. Surprising d. Surprisingly
On behalf of the referees and athletes, referee Hoang Quoc Vinh and shooter Nguyen Manh Tuong swore to an oath of "_______, Honesty and Fair Play".
a. Performance b. Delegation c. Participation d. Solidarity
The ASEAN Para-Games are hosted by the same country where the SEA Games took place.
a. organized b. impressed c. participated d. defended
The ASEAN Para-Games is a biannual multi-sport _______ held after every Southeast Asian Games for athletes with physical disabilities.
a. games b. event c. work d. situation
In beach volleyball, Indonesia defeated Thailand in straight sets to take men's gold _______.
a. present b. award c. medal d. reward
The 22nd SEA Games was the first time when Vietnam finished top of the medal _______.
a. standings b. events c. spirits d. programs
Viet Nam's successful hosting of the 22nd SEA Games is considered a/an _____ example for other countries to follow, particularly in honesty, consistence and organizing method.
a. festival b. peaceful c. energetic d. outstanding
_______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
a. The harder / the better b. The more / the much
c. The hardest / the best d. The more hard / the more good,
My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that _______ it is at night, _______ he plays his music!
a. the less / the more loud b. the less / less
c. the more late / the more loudlier d. the later / the louder
Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _______.
a. more and more good b. better and better
c. the more and more good d. gooder and gooder
The Sears Tower is _______ building in Chicago.
a. taller b. the more tall c. the tallest d. taller and taller
Petrol is _______ it used to.
a. twice as expensive as b. twice expensive more than
c. twice more than expensive d. more expensive than twice
Peter is _______ John.
a. younger and more intelligent than b. more young and intelligent than
c. more intelligent and younger than d. the more intelligent and younger than
San Diego is…………. town in Southern California.
a. more nice and nice b. the nicer c. the nicest d. nicer and nicer
It gets _______ when the winter is coming.
a. cold and cold b. the coldest and coldest
c. colder and colder d. more and more cold
Robert does not have _______ Peter does.
a. money more than b. as many money as c. more money as d. as much money as
The Mekong Delta is _______ deltas in Vietnam.
a. the largest of the two b. the more larger of the two
c. one of the two largest d. one of the two larger
Error Identification.
The Southeast Asian Games, also knowing as the SEA Games, is a
A
biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current eleven countries of Southeast Asia
B C D
The SEA Games are under regulation of the Southeast Asian Games
A B
Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia.
C D
The proposed rationale was that a regional sports event will help
A B
promote cooperation , understanding and relations among countries in the Southeast Asian region.
C D
The first SEA Games were held in Bangkok, Thailand, from 12 to 17 December,1959 comprising more
A B C D
and more 527 athletes and officials from Southeast countries participating in 12 sports competitions.
The next host for the SEA Games is Laos. It is Laos' the first time as the host for the biannual- games
A B C D
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF COMPARISON
I. Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) which best completes each sentence.
1. Of the four dresses, which is _________________expensive?
A. the best B. the most C. the more D. the greater
2. The larger the apartment, the __________________ the rent is.
A. expensive B. more expensive C. expensively D. most expensive
3. The faster we walk, __________________ we will get there.
A. the soonest B. the soon C. the more soon D. the sooner
4. “Why did you buy these oranges?” “They were __________________ I could find”
A. cheapest B. cheapest ones C. the cheapest ones D. the most cheapest
5. She plays the piano __________________ as she sings.
A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautiful D. the most beautifully
6. The streets are getting more and __________________ these days.
A. crowded B. less crowded C. more crowded D. most crowded
7. The larger the city, __________________the crime rate.
A. highest B. higher C. the highest D. the higher
8. You must explain your problems ________.
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can
C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
9. Nobody in this team plays _________ Tom.
A. as good as B. so well as C. as best as D. as well as
10. Which woman are you going to vote for? –I’m not sure. Everyone says that Joan is _____________.
A. smarter B. the smarter C. more smarter D. more smart
11. Bill is _________________.
A. lazier and lazier B. more and more lazy
C. lazier and more lazy D. more lazy and lazier
12. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere _______________?
A. noisier B. more quiet C. more noisy D. quieter
13. ______the time passes, _____I feel! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished half of it.
A. The faster / the nervous B. The more fast / the nervous
C. The fast / the more nervous D. The faster / the more nervous
14. China is the country with__________________ population.
A. the larger B. the more large C. the largest D. the most large
15. She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting__________________. Finally she exploded.
A. more and more angry B. the more angry
C. angrier and angrier D. the most angry
16. For ___________ it is certain that in the future some things will be very different.
A. the better or the worse B. the good or the bad
C. good or bad D. better or worse
17. Her grandfather’s illness was__________________ we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as
C. more serious than D. as serious than
18. My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed____________ usual.
A. more early than B. as early as C more earlier as D. earlier than
19._______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
A. The harder / the better B. The more / the much
C. The hardest / the best D. The more hard / the more good
His house is _______ mine.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as C. as two times big as D. as big as twice
21. Today English is ____ international of languages.
A. more B. most C. the most D. the more
22. Is this book more interesting ____ the one you read last week?
A. that B. as C. than D. of
23. The teacher speaks English ____ we do.
A. fluently B. more fluently C. most fluently D. more fluently than
24. John is much ____ I thought.
A. strong B. more strong C. stronger than D. more strong than
25. Thank you! That’s ____ gift I have ever received.
A. the nicer B. a nice C. nicest D. the nicest
26. The little boy spoke English ____ his brother.
A. more fast B. fast than C. the fastest D. faster than
27. Sorry we’re late. Your house is much ____ than we thought.
A. far B. the farthest C. the farther D. farther
28. China is the country with the ____ population.
A. larger B. large C. most large D. largest
29. My sister is much ____ than me.
A. pretty B. prettier C. the prettiest D. more prettier
30. Do you feel ____ today than yesterday?
A. well B. good C. best D. better
II. Identify the underlined word that must be changed to make the sentence correct.
31. Nobody is happy than Miss Snow is.
A B C D
32. He needs many more sugar than I do.
A B C
